Modified laminar bone in Ampelosaurus atacis and other Titanosaurs (Sauropoda): implications for life history and physiology.
Modified laminar bone in Ampelosaurus atacis and other Titanosaurs (Sauropoda): implications for life history and physiology.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0036907
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发表时间：
2012
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Buffetaut E
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Klein N;Sander PM;Stein K;Le Loeuff J;Carballido JL;Buffetaut E
泰坦龙类的长骨组织学显示，泰坦龙类的长骨组织学不同于蜥脚类的统一骨骼组织学。在这里，我们描述了泰坦龙Ampelosaurus atterus的长骨组织学，并将其与基础新蜥脚类动物和其他泰坦龙进行比较，以澄清是否存在特殊的泰坦龙骨组织学。 Ampelosaurus保留了基底蜥脚类的层状血管组织，但在大部分皮质生长中，纤维板层骨的支架通常是以编织骨的基质形式放置，而不是以平行纤维或板层骨基质放置。在骨骼成熟之前，继发性骨单位的重塑过程是非常广泛的，并且超过了骨膜骨沉积。因此，无法识别EFS。与Ampelosaurus的非典型骨组织学相比，大型泰坦巨龙Alamosaurus显示出典型的层状纤维板层骨。泰坦巨龙属中的卢塞恩龙、利雷恩龙和马扎尔龙，虽然在某些特徴上有所不同，但都显示出同样的纤维板层骨骨架中编织骨的数量较低或不存在，这表明生长速度明显降低，导致骨组织结构更高。为了描述缅甸龙、Ampelosaurus、黎巴嫩龙和Magyarosaurus特有的初级皮质骨组织，我们在此引入了一个新的术语--“改良板状骨”（modified laminar bone，MLB）。重要的是，MLB尚未从现存动物中得知。至少在利雷恩龙和马扎尔龙中，MLB所显示的生长速度的降低伴随着身体尺寸的急剧减小，也可能是代谢率的降低，这被解释为晚白垩世欧洲岛屿上侏儒化的结果。龙和Ampelosaurus都显示出类似的增长率下降，但身体大小没有下降，可能也表明代谢率下降。另一方面，大型的泰坦龙阿拉莫龙则保留了新蜥脚类恐龙的类形骨组织。
Long bone histology of the most derived Sauropoda, the Titanosauria suggests that titanosaurian long bone histology differs from the uniform bone histology of basal Sauropoda. Here we describe the long bone histology of the titanosaur Ampelosaurus atacis and compare it to that of basal neosauropods and other titanosaurs to clarify if a special titanosaur bone histology exists. Ampelosaurus retains the laminar vascular organization of basal Sauropoda, but throughout most of cortical growth, the scaffolding of the fibrolamellar bone, which usually is laid down as matrix of woven bone, is laid down as parallel-fibered or lamellar bone matrix instead. The remodeling process by secondary osteons is very extensive and overruns the periosteal bone deposition before skeletal maturity is reached. Thus, no EFS is identifiable. Compared to the atypical bone histology of Ampelosaurus, the large titanosaur Alamosaurus shows typical laminar fibrolamellar bone. The titanosaurs Phuwiangosaurus, Lirainosaurus, and Magyarosaurus, although differing in certain features, all show this same low amount or absence of woven bone from the scaffolding of the fibrolamellar bone, indicating a clear reduction in growth rate resulting in a higher bone tissue organization. To describe the peculiar primary cortical bone tissue of Phuwiangosaurus, Ampelosaurus, Lirainosaurus, and Magyarosaurus, we here introduce a new term, “modified laminar bone” (MLB). Importantly, MLB is as yet not known from extant animals. At least in Lirainosaurus and Magyarosaurus the reduction of growth rate indicated by MLB is coupled with a drastic body size reduction and maybe also a reduction in metabolic rate, interpreted as a result of dwarfing on the European islands during the Late Cretaceous. Phuwiangosaurus and Ampelosaurus both show a similar reduction in growth rate but not in body size, possibly indicating also a reduced metabolic rate. The large titanosaur Alamosaurus, on the other hand, retained the plesiomorphic bone histology of basal neosauropods.
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影响因子：
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