Reconstitution reveals Ykt6 as the autophagosomal SNARE in autophagosome-vacuole fusion.

Reconstitution reveals Ykt6 as the autophagosomal SNARE in autophagosome-vacuole fusion.
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DOI:
10.1083/jcb.201804028
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发表时间:
2018-10-01
期刊:
The Journal of cell biology
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Kraft C
Kraft C
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Bas L;Papinski D;Licheva M;Torggler R;Rohringer S;Schuschnig M;Kraft C

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自噬体与空泡的融合需要一个保守的融合机制,尽管拓扑结构仍不清楚。本期的两篇论文,Bas等人和Gao等人,发现Ykt 6是必需的自噬体陷阱。自噬介导细胞质物质的大量降解,特别是在饥饿期间。在诱导自噬后,自噬体在货物周围形成密封膜,与裂解隔室融合,并释放货物进行降解。自噬体-空泡融合的机制知之甚少,尽管介导其他细胞融合事件的因素已被牵连。在这项研究中,我们开发了一种体外重建试验,能够系统地发现和解剖参与自噬体-空泡融合的参与者。我们发现这个过程需要Atg 14-Vps 34复合物来产生PI 3 P,从而将Ypt 7模块募集到自噬体中。由Ypt 7募集的HOPS-系链复合物是制备用于融合的SNARE蛋白所必需的。此外,我们发现融合需要自噬体上的R-SNARE Ykt 6,以及空泡上的Q-SNARE Vam 3,Vam 7和Vti 1。这些发现为自噬体-空泡融合的机制提供了新的线索,并揭示了R-SNARE Ykt 6是这一过程所必需的。
Autophagosome fusion with vacuoles requires a conserved fusion machinery, though the topology remained unclear. Two papers in this issue, Bas et al. and Gao et al., uncover Ykt6 as the required autophagosomal SNARE. Autophagy mediates the bulk degradation of cytoplasmic material, particularly during starvation. Upon the induction of autophagy, autophagosomes form a sealed membrane around cargo, fuse with a lytic compartment, and release the cargo for degradation. The mechanism of autophagosome–vacuole fusion is poorly understood, although factors that mediate other cellular fusion events have been implicated. In this study, we developed an in vitro reconstitution assay that enables systematic discovery and dissection of the players involved in autophagosome–vacuole fusion. We found that this process requires the Atg14–Vps34 complex to generate PI3P and thus recruit the Ypt7 module to autophagosomes. The HOPS-tethering complex, recruited by Ypt7, is required to prepare SNARE proteins for fusion. Furthermore, we discovered that fusion requires the R-SNARE Ykt6 on the autophagosome, together with the Q-SNAREs Vam3, Vam7, and Vti1 on the vacuole. These findings shed new light on the mechanism of autophagosome–vacuole fusion and reveal that the R-SNARE Ykt6 is required for this process.
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