Taking phototherapeutics from concept to clinical launch.
Taking phototherapeutics from concept to clinical launch.
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DOI：
10.1038/s41570-021-00326-w
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发表时间：
2021-11
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Lawrence DS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Vickerman BM;Zywot EM;Tarrant TK;Lawrence DS
自从描述了第一个光激活（笼状）化合物的例子以来，已经过去了四十多年。近年来，人们报道了大量的光响应衍生物，其中一些已经在多种体外条件下使用细胞和组织发现了效用。光触发生物活性增强了空间和时间控制，并提供了精确给药和与不同生物分子正交通信的可能性。光的这些固有属性已经被提倡为有利于在用于各种适应症的患病部位处递送和/或激活药物。然而，光的组织反射率是深刻的波长依赖性。仅在最近才描述了在组织的光学窗口（600-900 nm）中光响应的光治疗剂。本综述着重介绍了这些最新发现，沿着其局限性和临床机会。此外，我们还描述了前瞻性光疗的初步体内研究，重点是为了将光激活药物转化为临床有用的治疗方法而仍然需要导航的路径。最后，通过讨论几种潜在的疾病应用，强调了光疗的独特属性。目前的范围和限制，路径的临床和治疗应用的长波长响应，光激活药物进行了讨论。
More than four decades have passed since the first example of a light-activated (caged) compound was described. In the intervening years, a large number of light-responsive derivatives have been reported, several of which have found utility under a variety of in vitro conditions using cells and tissues. Light-triggered bioactivity furnishes spatial and temporal control, and offers the possibility of precision dosing and orthogonal communication with different biomolecules. These inherent attributes of light have been advocated as advantageous for the delivery and/or activation of drugs at diseased sites for a variety of indications. However, the tissue penetrance of light is profoundly wavelength-dependent. Only recently have phototherapeutics that are photoresponsive in the optical window of tissue (600–900 nm) been described. This Review highlights these recent discoveries, along with their limitations and clinical opportunities. In addition, we describe preliminary in vivo studies of prospective phototherapeutics, with an emphasis on the path that remains to be navigated in order to translate light-activated drugs into clinically useful therapeutics. Finally, the unique attributes of phototherapeutics is highlighted by discussing several potential disease applications. The current scope and limitations, path to the clinic and therapeutic applications of long-wavelength-responsive, light-activated drugs are discussed in this Review.
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