Change in prevalence of post-traumatic stress disorder in the two years following trauma: a meta-analytic study.
Change in prevalence of post-traumatic stress disorder in the two years following trauma: a meta-analytic study.
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DOI：
10.1080/20008198.2022.2066456
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发表时间：
2022
影响因子：
5
通讯作者：
Halligan, S. L.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Diamond, P. R.;Airdrie, J. N.;Hiller, R.;Fraser, A.;Hiscox, L., V;Hamilton-Giachritsis, C.;Halligan, S. L.
了解创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）的过程和影响因素对于决定何时以及对谁进行筛查和干预可能是有益的至关重要。提供创伤后第一年PTSD恢复过程的荟萃分析证据，以及影响恢复的因素。我们对成人PTSD患病率的观察性研究进行了荟萃分析，其中包括在创伤暴露后的前12个月内至少进行两次评估，检查创伤后2年的患病率统计数据。 我们研究了创伤的意向性（有意或无意），创伤后应激障碍评估方法（临床医生或自我报告），样本性别分布和年龄作为创伤后应激障碍患病率随时间推移的调节因素。我们确定了78项符合条件的研究，包括16，484名受试者。汇总的患病率统计数据表明，超过四分之一的人在创伤后1个月出现PTSD，这一比例在1至3个月之间减少了三分之一。 超过3个月，任何患病率的变化都是在更长的时间间隔内检测到的，而且幅度很小。 故意创伤、年龄较小和女性与1个月时PTSD患病率较高相关。 此外，较高比例的女性、故意创伤暴露和较高的基线PTSD患病率均与患病率随时间的较大下降相关。急性创伤暴露后的PTSD恢复主要发生在创伤后的前3个月。 在3个月时提供的筛查措施和干预方法可能比在此之前进行的更好地针对持续症状。 创伤暴露后立即发生的PTSD率从创伤后1个月的27%下降到创伤后3个月的18%，显示出显著的自发恢复。 3个月后问题似乎稳定下来。 在创伤后3个月进行PTSD筛查/干预。
Understanding the course of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and the factors that impact this is essential to inform decisions about when and for whom screening and intervention are likely to be beneficial. To provide meta-analytic evidence of the course of recovery from PTSD in the first year following trauma, and the factors that influence that recovery. We conducted a meta-analysis of observational studies of adult PTSD prevalence which included at least two assessments within the first 12 months following trauma exposure, examining prevalence statistics through to 2 years post-trauma. We examined trauma intentionality (intentional or non-intentional), PTSD assessment method (clinician or self-report), sample sex distribution, and age as moderators of PTSD prevalence over time. We identified 78 eligible studies including 16,484 participants. Pooled prevalence statistics indicated that over a quarter of individuals presented with PTSD at 1 month post-trauma, with this proportion reducing by a third between 1 and 3 months. Beyond 3 months, any prevalence changes were detected over longer intervals and were small in magnitude. Intentional trauma, younger age, and female sex were associated with higher PTSD prevalence at 1 month. In addition, higher proportions of females, intentional trauma exposure, and higher baseline PTSD prevalence were each associated with larger reductions in prevalence over time. Recovery from PTSD following acute trauma exposure primarily occurs in the first 3 months post-trauma. Screening measures and intervention approaches offered at 3 months may better target persistent symptoms than those conducted prior to this point. PTSD rates in the immediate aftermath of trauma exposure decline from 27% at 1 month to 18% at 3 months post-trauma, showing significant spontaneous recovery. Problems appear to stabilize after 3 months. Screening/intervention for PTSD at 3 months post-trauma is indicated.
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