Navigation using sensory substitution in real and virtual mazes.
Navigation using sensory substitution in real and virtual mazes.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0126307
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发表时间：
2015
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Amedi A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chebat DR;Maidenbaum S;Amedi A
在某些特定条件下，盲人对空间的感知与正常人相当。然而，在大多数情况下，他们的空间感知能力受损。这仅仅是因为他们目前缺乏视觉信息，还是在整个发育过程中缺乏视觉信息阻止了空间认知神经系统的正确整合？感官替代设备（SSD）可以通过其他感官传递视觉信息，并提供了一个独特的工具来研究这个问题。我们假设使用我们的SSD（EyeCane：一种将距离信息转化为声音和振动的设备）可以使盲人在空间导航任务中达到与有视力的人相似的性能水平。我们对五十六名参与者进行了EyeCane培训。他们使用EyeCane SSD在真实的真人大小的迷宫中导航，并使用虚拟EyeCane在相同迷宫的虚拟再现中导航。根据视觉经验将参与者分为四组：先天性失明，低视力和晚盲，蒙眼和视力正常的视觉控制。我们发现，与第一次相比，使用EyeCane的参与者在迷宫中犯的错误更少，碰撞更少，并且在最后一次会议上完成迷宫的时间更少。到了第三阶段，参与者的个人试验在错误、时间和碰撞方面与正常视觉组的初始表现不再有显著差异。
Under certain specific conditions people who are blind have a perception of space that is equivalent to that of sighted individuals. However, in most cases their spatial perception is impaired. Is this simply due to their current lack of access to visual information or does the lack of visual information throughout development prevent the proper integration of the neural systems underlying spatial cognition? Sensory Substitution devices (SSDs) can transfer visual information via other senses and provide a unique tool to examine this question. We hypothesize that the use of our SSD (The EyeCane: a device that translates distance information into sounds and vibrations) can enable blind people to attain a similar performance level as the sighted in a spatial navigation task. We gave fifty-six participants training with the EyeCane. They navigated in real life-size mazes using the EyeCane SSD and in virtual renditions of the same mazes using a virtual-EyeCane. The participants were divided into four groups according to visual experience: congenitally blind, low vision & late blind, blindfolded sighted and sighted visual controls. We found that with the EyeCane participants made fewer errors in the maze, had fewer collisions, and completed the maze in less time on the last session compared to the first. By the third session, participants improved to the point where individual trials were no longer significantly different from the initial performance of the sighted visual group in terms of errors, time and collision.
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