Close encounters between young people and human spaceflight
Close encounters between young people and human spaceflight
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年轻人与载人航天的亲密接触
DOI：
10.1080/21548455.2020.1730018
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发表时间：
2020
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Dunlop L
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Dunlop L
自阿波罗任务以来，载人航天一直被提倡作为促进对科学的积极态度的一种手段。 2015 年，Principia 将英国首位政府资助的宇航员送入国际空间站，其核心目标是教育和激励年轻人。在这项研究中，我们研究了在《原理》任务期间如何制定航天教育政策，找出年轻人接触太空的方式，以及这些遭遇如何塑造他们的态度。对 102 名儿童进行半结构化访谈，并通过构建行动者网络进行分析。年轻人通过学校的正规教育以及与家人、朋友、媒体和社交媒体的非正式接触来接触空间。社交媒体的影响与形成积极态度有关，而朋友和老师则与积极态度和消极态度有关。太空飞行的人文维度对于接触太空的年轻人来说很重要，但不足以激发对太空的持续兴趣：儿童和年轻人想要更多地了解载人太空飞行的科学。年轻人将科学与科幻小说混淆了。在一些学校，年轻人因课程空间饱和而变得“疏远”。研究结果对政策制定者和从业者具有重要意义。与载人航天相关的科学故事需要更多关注。社交媒体可以更有效地直接向年轻人传播科学。非正规教育举措的设计必须符合教师的目标，并且需要对教师的时间和贡献给予认可和奖励。
Since the Apollo missions, human spaceflight has been advocated as a means of promoting positive attitudes towards science. In 2015, Principia launched Britain's first government-funded astronaut to the International Space Station, a core objective being education and inspiring young people. In this study, we examined how spaceflight education policy was enacted during the Principia mission, found out the ways in which young people encountered space, and how these encounters shaped their attitudes. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 102 children and analysed through the construction of an actor-network. Young people encountered space through formal education in school as well as through non-formal encounters with family, friends, media and social media. Social media influences were associated with forming positive attitudes, whereas friends and teachers were associated with both positive and negative attitudes. The human dimension of spaceflight was important in young people encountering space but was not sufficient to stimulate sustained interest in space: children and young people wanted to know more about the science of human spaceflight. Young people confused science with science fiction. In some schools, young people became ‘spaced out’ by saturation of the curriculum with space. The findings have implications for policymakers and practitioners. The scientific stories associated with human spaceflight need greater attention. Social media could be used to greater effect in communicating science directly to young people. Non-formal education initiatives must be designed to align with teachers’ objectives, and there needs to be recognition and reward of teachers’ time and contributions.
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