HIV-1 capsid variability: viral exploitation and evasion of capsid-binding molecules.
HIV-1 capsid variability: viral exploitation and evasion of capsid-binding molecules.
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DOI：
10.1186/s12977-021-00577-x
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发表时间：
2021-10-26
期刊：
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Yamashita M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Saito A;Yamashita M
HIV-1衣壳是一种包裹病毒核蛋白复合物的锥形外壳，在病毒复制过程中参与多个进入后过程。许多宿主因子可以直接与HIV-1衣壳蛋白（CA）结合，促进或预防HIV-1感染。目前正在探索病毒衣壳作为治疗干预的新靶点。在过去的几十年里，我们在理解capture-host相互作用和capture-targeting抗病毒药物的作用机制方面取得了重大进展。与此同时，大量不同的病毒衣壳，其来源于许多HIV-1突变体，天然存在的变体，或不同的慢病毒，已被表征为它们的相互作用与衣壳结合分子在非常详细地利用各种实验技术。本文综述了CA序列变异如何影响HIV-1的表型特性。我们将集中在改变衣壳-宿主相互作用的序列差异上，并简要介绍CA的耐药突变及其对病毒表型的突变效应。对CA序列-功能关系的了解有助于我们加深对病毒衣壳适应性潜力的理解。
The HIV-1 capsid, a conical shell encasing viral nucleoprotein complexes, is involved in multiple post-entry processes during viral replication. Many host factors can directly bind to the HIV-1 capsid protein (CA) and either promote or prevent HIV-1 infection. The viral capsid is currently being explored as a novel target for therapeutic interventions. In the past few decades, significant progress has been made in our understanding of the capsid–host interactions and mechanisms of action of capsid-targeting antivirals. At the same time, a large number of different viral capsids, which derive from many HIV-1 mutants, naturally occurring variants, or diverse lentiviruses, have been characterized for their interactions with capsid-binding molecules in great detail utilizing various experimental techniques. This review provides an overview of how sequence variation in CA influences phenotypic properties of HIV-1. We will focus on sequence differences that alter capsid–host interactions and give a brief account of drug resistant mutations in CA and their mutational effects on viral phenotypes. Increased knowledge of the sequence-function relationship of CA helps us deepen our understanding of the adaptive potential of the viral capsid.
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