Cell surface and intracellular auxin signalling for H(+) fluxes in root growth.

Cell surface and intracellular auxin signalling for H(+) fluxes in root growth.
复制标题

根生长中H()通量的细胞表面和细胞内生长素信号传递。

DOI:
10.1038/s41586-021-04037-6
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发表时间:
2021-11
期刊:
影响因子:
64.8
通讯作者:
Friml J
Friml J
中科院分区:
综合性期刊1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Li L;Verstraeten I;Roosjen M;Takahashi K;Rodriguez L;Merrin J;Chen J;Shabala L;Smet W;Ren H;Vanneste S;Shabala S;De Rybel B;Weijers D;Kinoshita T;Gray WM;Friml J

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生长调节使植物的发育适应其环境。一个展示是生长适应重力,其中芽弯曲和根向下。这种矛盾是基于对植物激素生长素的不同反应,生长素促进芽中的细胞扩张,同时通过一种未知的细胞机制抑制根中的细胞扩张。在这里,通过结合微流体技术,实时成像,基因工程和磷酸蛋白质组学在拟南芥,我们揭示了生长素如何抑制根的生长。我们发现,生长素激活两个不同的,拮抗作用的信号通路,收敛于质外体pH值的快速调节,这是直接的生长决定机制。基于细胞表面的跨膜激酶1(TMK 1)与质膜H+-ATP酶相互作用并介导其磷酸化和活化,以实现质外体酸化,而细胞内TIR 1/AFB介导的信号转导触发细胞内H+-净流入,导致质外体碱化。这两种抵消机制的同时激活,使植物能够根据环境的微妙变化进行快速、微调的生长调节。
Growth regulation tailors plant development to its environment. A showcase is growth adaptation to gravity, where shoots bend up and roots down. This paradox is based on different responses to the phytohormone auxin, which promotes cell expansion in shoots, while inhibiting it in roots via a yet unknown cellular mechanism. Here, by combining microfluidics, live imaging, genetic engineering and phospho-proteomics in Arabidopsis thaliana, we reveal how auxin inhibits root growth. We show that auxin activates two distinct, antagonistically acting signalling pathways that converge on the rapid regulation of the apoplastic pH, which is the direct growth-determining mechanism. Cell surface-based TRANSMEMBRANE KINASE 1 (TMK1) interacts with and mediates phosphorylation and activation of plasma membrane H+-ATPases for apoplast acidification, while intracellular TIR1/AFB-mediated signalling triggers net cellular H+-influx, causing apoplast alkalinisation. The simultaneous activation of these two counteracting mechanisms poises the root for a rapid, fine-tuned growth modulation to subtle changes in the environment.
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