Clarifying remotely-retrieved precipitation of shallow marine clouds from the NSF/NCAR Gulfstream V
Clarifying remotely-retrieved precipitation of shallow marine clouds from the NSF/NCAR Gulfstream V
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澄清从 NSF/NCAR Gulfstream V 远程反演的浅海云降水
DOI：
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发表时间：
2021
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
V. Ghate
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
M. Sarkar;P. Zuidema;V. Ghate
降水是浅云生命周期中的一个关键过程。行业云系统演进（CSET）活动包括首次部署94 GHz多普勒雷达和532 nm激光雷达。尽管采样量较大，但基于向上指向的遥感器数据集的初始平均雷达/激光雷达检索的降雨率（Schwartz等人，2019年）系统地低于积云区原位降水探测器测量的降雨率。随后的检索改进产生的降雨率比较好，原位值，但仍然低估。检索浅积云滴的大小可以保持太小，太少，与高估的形状参数缩小雨滴的大小分布太多。三个潜在的原因的差异进行了探讨：伽玛功能适合的水滴分布，衰减雨水和云水，和米氏阻尼的反射率的不足。截断的指数拟合可以更真实地表示阵雨积云下方的液滴大小，但需要进一步的工作来充分评估不同液滴大小表示法对检索的影响。降雨衰减在雷达测量不确定度范围内。米氏阻尼的反射率被证明是显着的，与以前的层积云运动与较轻的降雨率，可能很难约束以及与远程测量。另一种方法结合了一个先验确定的液滴尺寸分布宽度的基础上，在现场的数据与平均雷达多普勒速度和反射率。这可以产生现实的检索，虽然需要更全面的评估，以更好地描述检索错误。
Precipitation is a key process within the shallow cloud lifecycle. The Cloud System Evolution in the Trades (CSET) campaign included the first deployment of a 94 GHz Doppler radar and 532 nm lidar. Despite a larger sampling volume, initial mean radar/lidar retrieved rain rates (Schwartz et al. 2019) based on the upward-pointing remote sensor datasets are systematically less than those measured by in-situ precipitation probes in the cumulus regime. Subsequent retrieval improvements produce rainrates that compare better to in-situ values, but still underestimate. Retrieved shallow cumulus drop sizes can remain too small and too few, with an overestimated shape parameter narrowing the raindrop size distribution too much. Three potential causes for the discrepancy are explored: the gamma functional fit to the dropsize distribution, attenuation by rain and cloud water, and an underaccounting of Mie dampening of the reflectivity. A truncated exponential fit may represent the dropsizes below a showering cumulus cloud more realistically, although further work would be needed to fully evaluate the impact of a different dropsize representation upon the retrieval. The rain attenuation is within the measurement uncertainty of the radar. Mie dampening of the reflectivity is shown to be significant, in contrast to previous stratocumulus campaigns with lighter rain rates, and may be difficult to constrain well with the remote measurements. An alternative approach combines an a priori determination of the dropsize distribution width based on the in-situ data with the mean radar Doppler velocity and reflectivity. This can produce realistic retrievals, although a more comprehensive assessment is needed to better characterize the retrieval errors.
模拟 CSET 期间观测到的东北太平洋云层转变
影响因子：
3.2
作者：
Blossey, Peter N.;Bretherton, Christopher S.;Mohrmann, Johannes
通讯作者：
Mohrmann, Johannes
影响因子：
8
作者：
B. Stevens;F. Ament;S. Bony;S. Crewell;Florian Ewald;S. Groß;Akio Hansen;L. Hirsch;M. Jacob;T. Kölling;Heike Konow;B. Mayer;M. Wendisch;M. Wirth;Kevin Wolf;S. Bakan;M. Bauer-Pfundstein;M. Brueck;J. Delanoë;A. Ehrlich;D. Farrell;Marvin Forde;Felix Gödde;H. Grob;M. Hagen;E. Jäkel;F. Jansen;C. Klepp;M. Klingebiel;M. Mech;G. Peters;M. Rapp;A. Wing;T. Zinner
通讯作者：
B. Stevens;F. Ament;S. Bony;S. Crewell;Florian Ewald;S. Groß;Akio Hansen;L. Hirsch;M. Jacob;T. Kölling;Heike Konow;B. Mayer;M. Wendisch;M. Wirth;Kevin Wolf;S. Bakan;M. Bauer-Pfundstein;M. Brueck;J. Delanoë;A. Ehrlich;D. Farrell;Marvin Forde;Felix Gödde;H. Grob;M. Hagen;E. Jäkel;F. Jansen;C. Klepp;M. Klingebiel;M. Mech;G. Peters;M. Rapp;A. Wing;T. Zinner
OTREC2019：东太平洋和西南加勒比地区的对流
影响因子：
5.2
作者：
Fuchs‐Stone, Ž.;Raymond, D. J.;Sentić, S.
通讯作者：
Sentić, S.