S-Nitrosylation in neurogenesis and neuronal development.
S-Nitrosylation in neurogenesis and neuronal development.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.bbagen.2014.12.013
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发表时间：
2015-08
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
Lipton, Stuart A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Okamoto, Shu-ichi;Lipton, Stuart A.
一氧化氮(NO)是一种多效性信使分子。没有物种的多维活动在一定程度上是由它们的氧化还原性质调节的。半胱氨酸残基的氧化翻译后修饰以调节蛋白质功能，被称为S亚硝化，构成了NO氧化还原信号的主要形式。S-亚硝化直接修饰神经元中的一些胞质和核蛋白。S-亚硝化通过与包括转录因子mef2在内的特定蛋白质反应来调节神经元的发育。本文就S亚硝化对神经发生和神经元发育的影响作一综述。调节神经元发育的S-硝基蛋白质的功能表征代表着一个迅速崛起的领域。最近的研究表明，S-亚硝化介导的氧化还原信号在神经元分化和成熟所必需的几个生物学过程中发挥着重要作用。神经系统中S-亚硝化的研究阐明了神经元发育的新的分子和细胞机制。S-信号网络中的亚硝化蛋白质调节大脑发育中的关键事件。氧化还原信号通路的失调可能导致神经发育障碍，如自闭症谱系障碍(ASD)。因此，进一步阐明S-亚硝酸化参与脑发育可能为神经发育障碍提供潜在的治疗途径。
Nitric oxide (NO) is a pleiotropic messenger molecule. The multidimensional actions of NO species are, in part, mediated by their redox nature. Oxidative posttranslational modification of cysteine residues to regulate protein function, termed S-nitrosylation, constitutes a major form of redox-based signaling by NO. S-Nitrosylation directly modifies a number of cytoplasmic and nuclear proteins in neurons. S-Nitrosylation modulates neuronal development by reaction with specific proteins, including the transcription factor MEF2. This review focuses on the impact of S-nitrosylation on neurogenesis and neuronal development. Functional characterization of S-nitrosylated proteins that regulate neuronal development represents a rapidly emerging field. Recent studies reveal that S-nitrosylation-mediated redox signaling plays an important role in several biological processes essential for neuronal differentiation and maturation. Investigation of S-nitrosylation in the nervous system has elucidated new molecular and cellular mechanisms for neuronal development. S-Nitrosylated proteins in signaling networks modulate key events in brain development. Dysregulation of this redox-signaling pathway may contribute to neurodevelopmental disabilities such as autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Thus, further elucidation of the involvement of S-nitrosylation in brain development may offer potential therapeutic avenues for neurodevelopmental disorders.
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