Intercontinental genomic parallelism in multiple adaptive radiations

Intercontinental genomic parallelism in multiple adaptive radiations
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多种自适应辐射中的洲际基因组并行性

DOI:
10.1101/856344
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发表时间:
2019
期刊:
--
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Magalhaes I
Magalhaes I
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Magalhaes I

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物种多样性,即在相似条件下种群中相似性状的进化,为自然选择适应提供了很好的证据。许多平行的研究都集中在强烈不同的生态类型或鲜明对比的环境,先验定义,这可能会向上偏置的明显流行的平行的比较。在这里,我们估计基因组的平行性与环境和表型变异的各个组成部分在洲际范围内的三刺棘鱼(Gasterosteus aculeatus)的四个适应辐射,通过关联全基因组等位基因频率与环境和表型变异的连续分布。我们发现,基因组的平行性很好地预测表型-环境协会的平行性,这表明表型和环境的定量表征可以提供一个很好的预测预期的基因组平行性。此外,我们还研究了遗传、表型和环境相似性在预测平行性方面的解释力。我们发现,在地理位置接近、遗传相似的辐射中,平行性往往更大,这突出了在新突变积累之前,适应性辐射的早期阶段中的常设变异的重大偶然性。然而,我们也证明了在多变量环境空间内的距离预测并行性,遗传距离校正后。因此,这项研究表明,环境,表型和遗传偶然性对基因组中适应的可重复签名的相对影响。
Parallelism, the evolution of similar traits in populations diversifying in similar conditions, provides good evidence of adaptation by natural selection. Many studies of parallelism have focused on comparisons of strongly different ecotypes or sharply contrasting environments, defineda priori, which could upwardly bias the apparent prevalence of parallelism. Here, we estimated genomic parallelism associated with individual components of environmental and phenotypic variation at an intercontinental scale across four adaptive radiations of the three-spined stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus), by associating genome-wide allele frequencies with continuous distributions of environmental and phenotypic variation. We found that genomic parallelism was well predicted by parallelism of phenotype-environment associations, suggesting that a quantitative characterization of phenotypes and environments can provide a good prediction of expected genomic parallelism. Further, we examined the explanatory power of genetic, phenotypic, and environmental similarity in predicting parallelism. We found that parallelism tended to be greater for geographically proximate, genetically similar radiations, highlighting the significant contingency of standing variation in the early stages of adaptive radiations, before new mutations accumulate. However, we also demonstrate that distance within multivariate environmental space predicts parallelism, after correction for genetic distance. This study thus demonstrates the relative influences of environment, phenotype and genetic contingency on repeatable signatures of adaptation in the genome.
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