Perceptual task induces saccadic adaptation by target selection
Perceptual task induces saccadic adaptation by target selection
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感知任务通过目标选择诱导扫视适应
DOI：
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发表时间：
2015
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
D. Souto
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Alexander C. Schütz;D. Souto
扫视的适应可以由不同的误差信号引起，例如视网膜位置误差、预测误差或强化学习。最近，我们发现，在没有自下而上的位置错误的情况下，感知任务的空间目标的转移可以诱导扫视适应。在这里，我们调查了这种自上而下的效果是否介导的任务相关的对象的可见性，由于知觉判断的反馈或目标选择机制的强化。参与者被要求区分视觉刺激排列在一个垂直的化合物。为了诱导适应，在化合物中的偏心位置呈现辨别目标。在第一个实验中，我们比较了适应与容易和困难的歧视。在第二个实验中，我们比较了适应时，反馈的知觉任务是有效的，当反馈提供，但无关的性能。在第三个实验中，我们比较了适应与指令，以固定在复合的元素之一-目标选择-知觉任务条件-目标选择和歧视。为了控制自下而上的刺激效应，我们进行了第四个实验，其中唯一的指令是看着化合物。眼跳幅度数据拟合的两个状态的模型之间的即时和逐步的错误纠正过程进行区分。我们重复了我们的发现，即感知任务可以驱动眼跳的适应。适应没有反馈的可靠性，也没有效果的知觉任务超出目标选择。自上而下的信号诱导的适应，因为它是缺席时，没有目标选择指令和知觉任务。即时错误更正是较大的困难比容易的条件，这表明任务难度主要影响自愿眼跳瞄准。此外，一周后的重复实验增加了渐进误差校正的幅度。结果分离两个不同的组件的适应：一个即时的和一个渐进的错误纠正。我们的结论是，感知任务引起的适应是最有可能的，由于自上而下的目标选择在一个更大的对象。
Adaptation of saccades can be induced by different error signals, such as retinal position errors, prediction errors, or reinforcement learning. Recently, we showed that a shift in the spatial goal of a perceptual task can induce saccadic adaptation, in the absence of a bottom-up position error. Here, we investigated whether this top-down effect is mediated by the visibility of the task-relevant object, by reinforcement due to the feedback about the perceptual judgment or by a target selection mechanism. Participants were asked to discriminate visual stimuli arranged in a vertical compound. To induce adaptation, the discrimination target was presented at eccentric locations in the compound. In the first experiment, we compared adaptation with an easy and difficult discrimination. In the second experiment, we compared adaptation when feedback about the perceptual task was valid and when feedback was provided but was unrelated to performance. In the third experiment, we compared adaptation with instructions to fixate one of the elements in the compound—target selection—to the perceptual task condition—target selection and discrimination. To control for a bottom-up stimulus effect, we ran a fourth experiment in which the only instruction was to look at the compound. The saccade amplitude data were fitted by a two-state model distinguishing between an immediate and a gradual error correction process. We replicated our finding that a perceptual task can drive adaptation of saccades. Adaptation showed no effect of feedback reliability, nor an effect of the perceptual task beyond target selection. Adaptation was induced by a top-down signal since it was absent when there was no target selection instruction and no perceptual task. The immediate error correction was larger for the difficult than for the easy condition, suggesting that task difficulty affects mainly voluntary saccade targeting. In addition, the repetition of experiments one week later increased the magnitude of the gradual error correction. The results dissociate two distinct components of adaptation: an immediate and a gradual error correction. We conclude that perceptual-task induced adaptation is most likely due to top-down target selection within a larger object.
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影响因子：
1.8
作者：
Geisler, Wilson S.;Perry, Jeffrey S.;Najemnik, Jiri
通讯作者：
Najemnik, Jiri
影响因子：
3.4
作者：
Herman, James P.;Blangero, Annabelle;Madelain, Laurent;Khan, Afsheen;Harwood, Mark R.
通讯作者：
Harwood, Mark R.
感觉运动适应误差信号源自对运动结果的实际预测。
影响因子：
2.5
作者：
Wong,AaronL;Shelhamer,Mark
通讯作者：
Shelhamer,Mark
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.1115638109
发表时间：
2012-05-08
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
Schuetz, Alexander C.;Trommershaeuser, Julia;Gegenfurtner, Karl R.
通讯作者：
Gegenfurtner, Karl R.
影响因子：
--
作者：
Brainard, DH
通讯作者：
Brainard, DH