The potential for parasite spill-back from commercial bumblebee colonies: a neglected threat to wild bees?
The potential for parasite spill-back from commercial bumblebee colonies: a neglected threat to wild bees?
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DOI：
10.1007/s10841-021-00322-x
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发表时间：
2021
影响因子：
1.9
通讯作者：
Brown MJF
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Martin CD;Fountain MT;Brown MJF
商业饲养的大黄蜂群落为全球许多作物物种提供授粉服务。这些蜂群可能藏有寄生虫，这些寄生虫会蔓延到野生蜜蜂物种。然而，人们对寄生虫从野生大黄蜂传播到商业大黄蜂的可能性知之甚少，这可能导致寄生虫的溢出。为了调查这一问题，研究人员在早春和初夏两个关键时期，将无寄生虫的商业地螟蜂（Bombus terrestris audax）菌落放置在季节性草莓作物中，为期6周或8周。每周将大黄蜂从蜂群中移除，并筛查寄生虫的存在。在早春安置中，仅检测到一种寄生虫，即高毒力的新格林蜂尖虫（negregarine Apicystis bombi），患病率较低（在所有筛选的蜜蜂中为0.46%）。相反，所有在初夏种植的蜂群都被感染了。所有样本中最常见的寄生虫是锥虫、炸弹棘虫和炸弹蠓，在实验结束时，筛查蜜蜂的患病率分别达到39.39%和18.18%的峰值。炸弹蜂的流行率高于英国大多数野生大黄蜂的记录，这表明商业蜂群可以通过溢出来提高野生蜜蜂的炸弹蜂感染水平。为了充分评估溢回风险，需要在更大的地理尺度和不同的商业蜂群密度上进行研究。然而，可以实施季节性管理，以最大限度地减少溢回机会，并对商业蜂群进行治疗以防止感染，以管理寄生虫溢回野生蜜蜂的潜在风险。我们的研究结果表明，商业大黄蜂种群确实会感染，最有可能来自野生蜜蜂，这些感染可能会通过寄生虫的溢出对野生蜜蜂构成威胁。需要更多的研究来澄清这种潜在威胁的程度。在线版本包含补充材料，可在10.1007/s10841-021-00322-x获得。
Commercially-reared bumblebee colonies provide pollination services to numerous crop species globally. These colonies may harbour parasites which can spill-over to wild bee species. However, the potential for parasites to spread from wild to commercial bumblebees, which could then lead to parasite spill-back, is poorly understood. To investigate this, parasite-free commercial Bombus terrestris audax colonies, which are used commercially for strawberry pollination, were placed into seasonal strawberry crops for either 6- or 8-week blocks across two key time periods, early spring and early summer. Bumblebees were removed from colonies weekly and screened for the presence of parasites. In the early spring placement, only one parasite, the highly virulent neogregarine Apicystis bombi, was detected at a low prevalence (0.46% across all bees screened). In contrast, all colonies placed in the crop in the early summer became infected. A trypanosome, Crithidia bombi, and A. bombi were the most prevalent parasites across all samples, reaching peak prevalence in screened bees of 39.39% and 18.18% respectively at the end of the experimental period. The prevalence of A. bombi was greater than most UK records from wild bumblebees, suggesting that commercial colonies could enhance levels of A. bombi infection in wild bees through spill-back. Studies on larger geographical scales with different commercial colony densities are required to fully assess spill-back risk. However, seasonal management, to minimise spill-back opportunities, and treatment of commercial colonies to prevent infection, could be implemented to manage the potential risks of parasite spill-back to wild bees. Implications for insect conservation Our results show that commercial bumblebee populations do pick up infections, most likely from wild bees, and that these infections can reach prevalences where they may pose a threat to wild bees via parasite spill-back. More research is required to clarify the extent of this potential threat. The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10841-021-00322-x.
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DOI：
10.1111/1365-2656.12235
发表时间：
2014-11
期刊：
The Journal of animal ecology
影响因子：
--
作者：
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通讯作者：
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影响因子：
1.3
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2006-05-07
影响因子：
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