Lipophilic Triphosphate Prodrugs of various Nucleoside Analogues.

Lipophilic Triphosphate Prodrugs of various Nucleoside Analogues.
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各种核苷类似物的亲脂性三磷酸前药

DOI:
10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c00358
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发表时间:
2020
影响因子:
7.3
通讯作者:
Schols
Schols
中科院分区:
医学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Schols

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许多核苷类似物的抗病毒效果强烈依赖于它们在细胞内被宿主细胞激酶激活,最终产生具有生物活性的核苷类似物三磷酸(NTP)。核苷类似物转化为三磷酸盐的代谢过程往往进展不充分。我们开发了一种核苷三磷酸递送系统(TriPPro方法),其中γ-磷酸被两个不同的可生物降解的掩蔽单元共价修饰,一个是酰氧基苄基(AB),另一个是烷氧基甲氧基苄基(ACB)。这些化合物通过酶触发机制在人T淋巴细胞CEM细胞提取物中形成高选择性的NTPs,首先失去AB部分,然后是ACB部分。这使得能够绕过细胞内磷酸化的所有步骤。这一方法被应用于将一些活性不高甚至没有活性的核苷类似物转化为强大的生物活性代谢物。根据抗HIV-1和HIV-2的TriPPPro-NTP前药在受感染的野生型CD4+CEM T细胞培养中的亲脂性,以及更重要的是在胸苷激酶缺乏的CD4+T细胞(CEM/TK-)中的复制,获得了有效的抗病毒活性图谱。这一TriPPPro策略为未来的抗病毒和抗肿瘤化疗提供了很高的潜力。
The antiviral efficacy of many nucleoside analogues is strongly dependent on their intracellular activation by host cellular kinases to yield ultimately the bioactive nucleoside analogue triphosphates (NTP). The metabolic conversion of nucleoside analogues into their triphosphates often proceeds insufficiently. We developed a nucleoside triphosphate (NTP) delivery system (the TriPPPro approach), in which the γ-phosphate is covalently modified by two different biodegradable masking units, one is the acyloxybenzyl (AB) moiety and the other is the alkoxycarbonyloxybenzyl (ACB) group. Such compounds formed NTPs with high selectivity by an enzyme-triggered mechanism in human T-lymphocyte CEM cell extracts loosing first the AB moiety, followed by the ACB group. This enables the bypass of all steps of the intracellular phosphorylation. This approach was applied here to convert some modestly active or even inactive nucleoside analogues into powerful biologically active metabolites. Potent antiviral activity profiles were obtained depending on the lipophilicity of the TriPPPro-NTP prodrugs against HIV-1 and HIV-2 replication in cultures of infected wild-type CD4+CEM T-cells and more importantly in thymidine kinase-deficient CD4+T-cells (CEM/TK–). This TriPPPro strategy offers high potential for future antiviral and antitumoral chemotherapies.
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