Development paradigms in the institutional configuration of vocational education and training in Chile (1964-2005)

Development paradigms in the institutional configuration of vocational education and training in Chile (1964-2005)
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智利职业教育和培训机构配置的发展范式(1964-2005)

DOI:
10.1080/13636820.2020.1833076
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发表时间:
2020
影响因子:
1.9
通讯作者:
Valiente O
Valiente O
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Valiente O

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比较教育的主流方法更多地关注捐助者优先事项的趋势,而不是受援国的政策进程,忽视了发展中国家政府在职业教育和培训(VET)机构配置中的作用。本文借鉴建构主义政治经济学和历史制度主义框架,分析了全球发展范式和理念在智利1964年至2005年期间职业教育与培训政策改革中所发挥的作用。研究表明,智利选择性采用国际发展理念是如何受到各个历史时期国家政府行政部门意识形态取向的调节的。它还显示了职业教育和培训政策的主要目标如何随着经济的第三次化和社会下层对教育需求的增长而演变。最后,本文将军事独裁视为智利职业教育与培训制度配置的一个路径塑造时刻,因为它能够实现该制度从中央计划到分散市场竞争的彻底转变。这种深刻的转变产生了制度路径依赖,限制了未来民主政府扭转职业教育与培训市场模式的能力。
Mainstream approaches in comparative education have paid more attention to trends in donors’ priorities than to policy processes in recipient countries, overlooking the agency of national governments in the institutional configuration of vocational education and training (VET) in developing contexts. Drawing on constructivist political economy and historical institutionalist frameworks, the paper analyses the role played by global development paradigms and ideas in the VET policy reforms adopted in Chile during the period between 1964 and 2005. The study shows how the selective adoption of international development ideas in Chile was mediated by the ideological orientation of national government administrations in each historical period. It also shows how the main goals of VET policies evolved as the economy tertiarised and the demand for education grew among lower social classes. Finally, the paper identifies the military dictatorship as a path-shaping moment in the institutional configuration of VET in Chile, as it was able to impose a radical transformation of the system from central planning to decentralised market competition. This profound transformation generated institutional path-dependencies that restricted the capacity of future democratic governments to reverse the market model in VET.
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