A psychodynamic model of panic disorder.
A psychodynamic model of panic disorder.
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恐慌症的心理动力学模型。
DOI：
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发表时间：
1993
影响因子：
17.7
通讯作者：
Theodore Shapiro
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
M. Shear;Arnold M. Cooper;G. Klerman;F. Busch;Theodore Shapiro
目前精神病学对惊恐障碍及其治疗的研究受神经生物学和认知行为模型的影响很大，而不是心理动力学的主张，心理动力学治疗通常被认为对症状的改善没有什么好处。然而，由于目前的模型都不能完全解释惊恐障碍的临床精神病理学、病因学或发病机制，因此需要进一步建立模型。作者认为，心理动力学的方法可能会增加对恐慌症患者的理解。他们的心理动力学公式基于对9名惊恐障碍患者的初步采访，惊恐障碍患者心理特征的公开报道，以及婴儿和动物气质研究的数据。访谈结果包括：1）所有的患者都描述自己是害怕的，紧张的，或害羞的孩子，2）他们记得他们的父母是愤怒的，可怕的，批评的，或控制，3）他们经常表示不舒服的侵略，4）大多数描述的慢性低自尊感，5）他们的配偶被认为是被动的，善良的，和非侵略性的，（6）与挫折和怨恨相关的应激源先于惊恐发作。作者提出了一个模型，在这个模型中，先天的神经生理学易怒倾向于早期恐惧。暴露于父母的行为，增加恐惧的结果在对象关系和依赖和独立之间的冲突的干扰和持久性，这容易导致恐惧的感觉被困，窒息，无法逃脱和/或感觉孤独，无法得到帮助。面对窒息或遗弃，人们很容易感到无助的灾难性恐惧。（250字处删节）
Current psychiatric research on panic disorder and its treatment are heavily influenced by neurobiological and cognitive-behavioral models rather than psychodynamic propositions, and psychodynamic treatment is generally considered to be of little benefit in amelioration of symptoms. However, because neither of the current models fully explains the clinical psychopathology, etiology, or pathogenesis of panic disorder, there is a need for further model building. The authors suggest that a psychodynamic approach may add to the understanding of patients with panic disorder. They base their psychodynamic formulation on pilot interviews with nine patients with panic disorder, published reports of psychological characteristics of patients with panic disorder, and data from infant and animal research on temperament. Interview results included the following: 1) all of the patients described themselves as fearful, nervous, or shy as children, 2) they remembered their parents as angry, frightening, critical, or controlling, 3) they frequently indicated discomfort with aggression, 4) most described chronic feelings of low self-esteem, 5) their spouses were characterized as passive, kind, and nonaggressive, and 6) stressors associated with frustration and resentment preceded the onset of panic. The authors propose a model in which inborn neurophysiological irritability predisposes to early fearfulness. Exposure to parental behaviors that augment fearfulness results in disturbances in object relations and persistence of conflicts between dependence and independence, which predispose to fears of feeling trapped, suffocated, and unable to escape and/or feeling alone and unable to get help. Catastrophic fears of helplessness in the face of suffocation or abandonment are easily accessible.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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评估心理动力冲突：I.具体冲突表述方法的可靠性。
影响因子：
2.4
作者：
Perry,JC;Augusto,F;Cooper,SH
通讯作者：
Cooper,SH
父母有或没有精神疾病的幼儿行为抑制的精神相关性。
影响因子：
--
作者：
Biederman,J;Rosenbaum,JF;Hirshfeld,DR;Faraone,SV;Bolduc,EA;Gersten,M;Meminger,SR;Kagan,J;Snidman,N;Reznick,JS
通讯作者：
Reznick,JS
人际关系问题清单：心理测量特性和临床应用。
影响因子：
5.9
作者：
Horowitz,LM;Rosenberg,SE;Baer,BA;Ureño,G;Villaseñor,VS
通讯作者：
Villaseñor,VS
影响因子：
--
作者：
Leckman,JF;Weissman,MM;Merikangas,KR;Pauls,DL;Prusoff,BA
通讯作者：
Prusoff,BA
父母患有恐慌症和广场恐惧症的儿童的行为抑制。
影响因子：
--
作者：
Rosenbaum,JF;Biederman,J;Gersten,M;Hirshfeld,DR;Meminger,SR;Herman,JB;Kagan,J;Reznick,JS;Snidman,N
通讯作者：
Snidman,N