Inhibition and auditory comprehension in Wernicke's aphasia
Inhibition and auditory comprehension in Wernicke's aphasia
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韦尼克失语症的抑制和听觉理解
DOI：
10.1080/02687030444000228
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发表时间：
2004
期刊：
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
L. Obler
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
D. Wiener;Lisa Tabor Connor;L. Obler
背景资料：虽然研究结果支持失语症患者注意力分配效率低下，但这些效率低下背后的认知机制仍不清楚。影响选择性加工的资源分配的一种机制是受损的抑制机制，其在正常运作时会主动抑制分散注意力的信息。目的：本研究旨在探讨韦尼克失语症患者在词汇语义层面上的抑制认知过程及其与听觉理解的关系。方法和程序：经典的Stroop色词测试适用于失语症人群。我们对5名韦尼克失语症患者和12名年龄和教育程度匹配的非脑损伤对照者进行了Stroop测试的计算机化手动响应数字版本。与Stroop干扰的相关性研究了与听觉理解的相关性，这些听觉理解是通过波士顿诊断性失语症检查的令牌测试和复杂概念材料子测试来测量的。结果和成果：Stroop反应时间和错误百分比数据的分析表明，干扰效应是显着大于韦尼克失语症的参与者比对照组，没有伴随的促进增加，反映了韦尼克失语症的抑制损害。此外，Stroop干扰的幅度与通过令牌测试测量的听觉理解缺陷严重程度的临床行为症状显著正相关。结论：研究结果支持韦尼克失语症中语言处理的词汇语义水平的抑制功能受损，反映出无法有效地忽视自动诱发的、分散注意力的刺激。Stroop干扰效应和听觉理解缺陷的严重程度之间的显着相关性表明，至少有一部分的注意力的困难，在这个人口中的听觉理解的显着减少可以归因于受损的抑制。我们的研究结果扩展了我们对失语症资源分配的理解，并加强了我们对临床评估和治疗注意力下降以获得最大康复效果的需求。
Background: While research findings support the presence of inefficiencies in allocation of attention in individuals with aphasia, the cognitive mechanisms behind these inefficiencies remain unclear. One mechanism that would affect resource allocation for selective processing is an impaired inhibitory mechanism which, when normally functioning, would actively suppress distracting information. Aims: The purpose of this study was to investigate the cognitive process of inhibition, at the lexical‐semantic level of language processing, and its relation to auditory comprehension in Wernicke's aphasia. Methods & Procedures: The classic Stroop Colour‐Word Test was adapted to be applicable for use with an aphasic population. We administered this computerised manual‐response, numerical version of the Stroop test to five individuals with Wernicke's aphasia and twelve age‐ and education‐matched non‐brain‐injured controls. Correlations with Stroop interference examined associations with auditory comprehension as measured by the Token Test and the Complex Ideational Material subtest of the Boston Diagnostic Aphasia Examination. Outcomes & Results: Analysis of the Stroop reaction time and error percentage data indicated that the interference effect was significantly larger for the participants with Wernicke's aphasia than for the controls, without an accompanying increase in facilitation, reflecting an impairment of inhibition in Wernicke's aphasia. In addition, the magnitude of Stroop interference was significantly positively correlated with the clinical‐behavioural symptom of severity of auditory comprehension deficits as measured by the Token Test. Conclusions: Findings support an impairment in inhibition at the lexical‐semantic level of language processing in Wernicke's aphasia, reflecting the inability to effectively ignore the automatically evoked, distracting stimulus. The significant correlation between the Stroop interference effect and the severity of auditory comprehension deficits suggests that at least part of the attentional difficulties contributing to the striking reductions in auditory comprehension in this population can be attributed to impaired inhibition. Our findings expand upon our understanding of resource allocation in aphasia and reinforce our need to clinically assess and treat reductions in attention for maximised rehabilitation outcome.
年轻人和老年人的自动和注意力启动：双过程模型的重新评估。
DOI：
10.1037//0096-1523.18.2.485
发表时间：
1992
期刊：
Journal of experimental psychology. Human perception and performance
影响因子：
--
作者：
Balota,DA;Black,SR;Cheney,M
通讯作者：
Cheney,M