SMALL GRAIN 11 Controls Grain Size, Grain Number and Grain Yield in Rice.
SMALL GRAIN 11 Controls Grain Size, Grain Number and Grain Yield in Rice.
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SMALL GRAIN 11 控制水稻的颗粒大小、颗粒数量和颗粒产量
DOI：
10.1186/s12284-016-0136-z
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发表时间：
2016-12
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Li Y
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fang N;Xu R;Huang L;Zhang B;Duan P;Li N;Luo Y;Li Y
水稻籽粒大小是决定水稻产量的重要农艺性状之一。已经在水稻中鉴定出几种颗粒大小的调节剂，但决定颗粒大小和产量的机制在很大程度上仍然未知。在这里，我们描述了一个小粒突变体（smg 11）在水稻，表现出小颗粒，密集的穗和每穗粒数增加。SMG 11基因的克隆和序列分析表明，SMG 11是DWARF 2（D2）的一个新等位基因，编码一个参与油菜素类固醇生物合成途径的细胞色素P450（CYP 90D 2）。D2/SMG 11的过表达增加了野生型植物的谷粒大小和谷粒重量。D2/SMG 11在适当水平的过表达也显著提高了水稻的产量。细胞分析表明，D2/SMG 11通过促进细胞扩张来控制晶粒尺寸。进一步的结果表明，D2/SMG 11影响参与细胞扩增调控的几个已知的晶粒大小基因的表达，揭示了D2/SMG 11和已知的晶粒大小基因之间的新联系。 SMG 11通过促进谷壳中的细胞膨胀来控制晶粒尺寸。SMG 11至少部分地通过影响参与细胞扩增调节的几种粒度基因的表达来调节细胞扩增。smg 11是DWARF 2/D2的一个新等位基因。SMG 11的适当表达增加了籽粒的大小、粒重和产量。本研究揭示了D2/SMG 11基因在水稻籽粒大小和产量方面的功能，表明D2/SMG 11基因的高效表达是提高水稻产量的有效途径。本文的在线版本（doi：10.1186/s12284-016-0136-z）包含补充材料，可供授权用户使用。
Grain size is one of key agronomic traits that determine grain yield in rice. Several regulators of grain size have been identified in rice, but the mechanisms that determine grain size and yield remain largely unknown. Here we characterize a small grain (smg11) mutant in rice, which exhibits small grains, dense panicles and the increased number of grains per panicle. Cloning and sequence analyses of the SMG11 gene reveal that smg11 is a new allele of DWARF2 (D2), which encodes a cytochrome P450 (CYP90D2) involved in brassinosteroid biosynthetic pathway. Overexpression of D2/SMG11 increases grain size and grain weight of wild-type plants. Overexpression of D2/SMG11 at a suitable level also significantly increases grain yield in rice. Cellular analyses indicate that D2/SMG11 controls grain size by promoting cell expansion. Further results reveal that D2/SMG11 influences expression of several known grain size genes involved in the regulation of cell expansion, revealing a novel link between D2/SMG11 and known grain size genes. SMG11 controls grain size by promoting cell expansion in grain hulls. SMG11 regulates cell expansion, at least in part, by influencing expression of several grain size genes involved in the regulation of cell expansion. The smg11 is a new allele of DWARF2/D2. The suitable expression of SMG11 increases grain size, grain weight and grain yield. Our findings reveal the functions of D2/SMG11 in grain size and grain yield, suggesting that the suitable expression of D2/SMG11 is a promising approach to improve grain yield in rice. The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12284-016-0136-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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