Friendly foes: The evolution of host protection by a parasite.
Friendly foes: The evolution of host protection by a parasite.
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DOI：
10.1002/evl3.19
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发表时间：
2017-09
影响因子：
5
通讯作者：
King KC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ashby B;King KC
寄生虫通常被多种寄生虫感染，但宿主和共感染寄生虫之间相互作用的生态和进化意义在很大程度上是未知的。大多数共感染寄生虫进化的理论模型都集中在毒力的进化上，但寄生虫也可能进化到通过降低易感性来保护宿主（即，赋予抗性）或降低共感染寄生虫的毒力（即，赋予公差）。在这里，我们使用共感染模型分析寄生虫赋予的抗性和耐受性的生态进化动力学。我们表明，寄生虫赋予的抗性和耐受性都可以演变为广泛的潜在权衡。权衡的形状和强度从性质上影响结果，导致保护最小化或最大化、中间稳定策略、进化分支和双稳态之间的转变。此外，我们发现，受保护的二型性可以很容易地进化为寄生虫赋予的抗性，但没有发现寄生虫赋予的耐受性的进化分支的证据，与以前的宿主进化工作基本一致。这些结果为寄生虫赋予的抗性和耐受性的进化提供了新的见解，并为最近关于微生物介导的保护的实验工作中的潜在权衡提供了线索。更一般地说，我们的结果强调了复杂社区中宿主与寄生虫关系的背景依赖性。
Hosts are often infected by multiple parasite species, yet the ecological and evolutionary implications of the interactions between hosts and coinfecting parasites are largely unknown. Most theoretical models of evolution among coinfecting parasites focus on the evolution of virulence, but parasites may also evolve to protect their hosts by reducing susceptibility (i.e., conferring resistance) to other parasites or reducing the virulence of coinfecting parasites (i.e., conferring tolerance). Here, we analyze the eco‐evolutionary dynamics of parasite‐conferred resistance and tolerance using coinfection models. We show that both parasite‐conferred resistance and tolerance can evolve for a wide range of underlying trade‐offs. The shape and strength of the trade‐off qualitatively affects the outcome causing shifts between the minimisation or maximization of protection, intermediate stable strategies, evolutionary branching, and bistability. Furthermore, we find that a protected dimorphism can readily evolve for parasite‐conferred resistance, but find no evidence of evolutionary branching for parasite‐conferred tolerance, in general agreement with previous work on host evolution. These results provide novel insights into the evolution of parasite‐conferred resistance and tolerance, and suggest clues to the underlying trade‐offs in recent experimental work on microbe‐mediated protection. More generally, our results highlight the context dependence of host‐parasite relationships in complex communities.
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影响因子：
2
作者：
Boots, M;Bowers, RG
通讯作者：
Bowers, RG
影响因子：
2.9
作者：
Alizon, Samuel;van Baalen, Minus
通讯作者：
van Baalen, Minus
影响因子：
2
作者：
Bowers, RG;Hoyle, A;Boots, M
通讯作者：
Boots, M
影响因子：
2.9
作者：
Choisy, Marc;de Roode, Jacobus C.
通讯作者：
de Roode, Jacobus C.
影响因子：
1.9
作者：
Dieckmann, U;Law, R
通讯作者：
Law, R