A review of carbon isotopes of phytoliths: implications for phytolith-occluded carbon sources
A review of carbon isotopes of phytoliths: implications for phytolith-occluded carbon sources
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植硅体碳同位素综述：对植硅体封闭碳源的影响
DOI：
10.1007/s11368-019-02548-4
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发表时间：
2020-01
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
Song Zhaoliang
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Yang Shilei;Hao Qian;Wang Hailong;Lukas Van Zwieten;Yu Changxun;Liu Taoze;Yang Xiaomin;Zhang Xiaodong;Song Zhaoliang
植物硅酸盐封闭碳(Phytolith-occluded Carbon，PhytOC)主要来源于光合作用的产物，由于无定形植物硅酸盐的弹性，可在土壤和沉积物中保存数百至数千年。因此，植物硅体的稳定和放射性碳(C)同位素可以有效地用于古生态和考古研究。然而，关于植物硅体碳同位素的适用性仍然存在争议，因为有人提出了一个描述植有机碳来源的“双库”假说，即植有机碳的一个组分来自于通过植物根系吸收的土壤有机质(SOM)。因此，有必要对本课题进行综述，以更好地了解植酸有机碳的来源。材料和方法介绍植酸有机碳的稳定和放射性碳同位素组成，不同提取方法对植酸有机碳研究的影响，并讨论这些因素对植酸有机碳来源的影响。结果和讨论在此基础上，我们认为光合作用合成的有机物是植酸有机碳的主要来源。然而，很重要的一点是要弄清楚植硅体中SOM衍生的碳是否以及如何影响有争议的“太老”的偏斜和同位素分馏。结论尽管两池假说已经被许多研究证实，但植硅体的碳同位素在古生态学和考古学中仍然具有潜力，因为主要的来源是光合作用，以前的许多研究都提出了这些参数的有效性。这一综述还表明，植硅体中不同有机碳化合物的碳同位素可能不同，这需要在分子水平上进行进一步的研究。不同的植硅体提取方法会影响~(14)C测年结果。
PurposePhytolith-occluded carbon (PhytOC) is mainly derived from the products of photosynthesis, which can be preserved in soils and sediments for hundreds-to-thousands of years due to the resilient nature of the amorphous phytolith silica. Therefore, stable and radioactive carbon (C) isotopes of phytoliths can be effectively utilized in paleoecological and archeological research. However, there still exists debate about the applicability of C isotopes of phytoliths, as a “two-pool” hypothesis to characterize PhytOC sources has been proposed, whereby a component of the PhytOC is derived from soil organic matter (SOM) absorbed through plant roots. Therefore, it is necessary to review this topic to better understand the source of PhytOC.Materials and methodWe introduce the stable and radioactive C isotopic compositions of PhytOC, present the impacts of different extraction methods on the study of PhytOC, and discuss the implications of these factors for determining the sources of PhytOC.Results and discussionBased on this review, we suggest that organic matter synthesized by photosynthesis is the main source of PhytOC. However, it is important to make clear whether and how SOM-derived C present in phytoliths influence the controversial “too-old” skew and isotopic fractionation.ConclusionsThough the two-pool hypothesis has been proved by many researches, the carbon isotopes of phytoliths still have potential in paleoecology and archeology, because the main source is photosynthesis and many previous studies put forward the availability of these parameters. This review also shows that phytolith C isotopes may vary with different organic C compounds within phytoliths, which needs further study at the molecular scale. Different phytolith extraction methods can influence14C dating results.
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影响因子：
1.9
作者：
Corbineau, Remi;Reyerson, Paul E.;Santos, Guaciara M.
通讯作者：
Santos, Guaciara M.
影响因子：
4.9
作者：
Parr, Jeffrey F.;Sullivan, Leigh A.
通讯作者：
Sullivan, Leigh A.
影响因子：
2.8
作者：
Parr, JF;Lentfer, CJ;Boyd, WE
通讯作者：
Boyd, WE
DOI：
10.1098/rsta.2001.0965
发表时间：
2002
期刊：
Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences
影响因子：
--
作者：
Darren R. Grocke
通讯作者：
Darren R. Grocke
影响因子：
3.6
作者：
Xiaodong Zhang;Zhaoliang Song;Zhiqi Zhao;L. van Zwieten;Jian-Wu Li;Linan Liu;Song Xu;Hailong Wang-Hailon
通讯作者：
Xiaodong Zhang;Zhaoliang Song;Zhiqi Zhao;L. van Zwieten;Jian-Wu Li;Linan Liu;Song Xu;Hailong Wang-Hailon