Fetch and distance from the bay control accretion and erosion patterns in Terrebonne marshes (Louisiana, USA)

Fetch and distance from the bay control accretion and erosion patterns in Terrebonne marshes (Louisiana, USA)
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海湾的获取和距离控制 Terrebonne 沼泽的增生和侵蚀模式(美国路易斯安那州)

DOI:
10.1002/esp.5327
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发表时间:
2022
影响因子:
3.3
通讯作者:
Fagherazzi, Sergio
Fagherazzi, Sergio
中科院分区:
地球科学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Cortese, Luca;Fagherazzi, Sergio

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密西西比河三角洲的湿地正在迅速退化。海平面上升和低沉积物供应被广泛认为是导致陆水转换的两个主要因素。为了确定哪些沼泽地区更具复原力,必须确定调节沼泽增生和退化的驱动因素。在这项研究中,结合现场数据和航空图像来确定这些司机在特雷博讷湾,路易斯安那州,美国。我们发现,增生和退化模式取决于沼泽是否位于内陆的庇护区或面对开放的水域。在第一种情况下,到附近河道的距离很重要,因为在沼泽平台泛滥期间,更多的沉积物沉积在河道河岸附近。面对开阔水域的沼泽的加积率很高,并与提取,代理的波浪重新悬浮底部沉积物的能力。这些地区对海平面上升的适应力更强,但海浪也是退化的主要机制,因为这些沼泽往往因边缘侵蚀而退化。因此,我们提出了一个双峰演化轨迹的沼泽在特雷博讷湾:沼泽靠近海湾,面对开放的水域迅速增生,但受到横向侵蚀,由于波浪,而庇护沼泽增生缓慢,并在大片退化,由于沉积物供应不足。
Wetlands in the Mississippi River Delta are rapidly degrading. Sea level rise and low sediment supply are widely recognized as the two main factors contributing to land‐to‐water conversion. To determine what marsh areas are more resilient, it is fundamental to identify the drivers that regulate marsh accretion and degradation. In this study, a combination of field data and aerial images is used to determine these drivers in Terrebonne Bay, Louisiana, USA. We find that accretion and degradation patterns depend on whether the marsh is located inland in a sheltered area or facing open water. In the first case, the distance to the nearby channel is important, because during flooding of the marsh platform more sediment is deposited in the proximity of channel banks. The accretion rates of marshes facing open water are high and correlate to fetch, a proxy for the ability of waves to resuspend bottom sediment. These areas are more resilient to sea level rise, but waves are also the main mechanism of degradation, as these marshes tend to degrade by edge erosion. Consequently, we propose a bimodal evolution trajectory of the marshes in Terrebonne Bay: marshes close to the bay and facing open water accrete rapidly but are affected by lateral erosion due to waves, whereas sheltered marshes accrete slowly and degrade in large swathes due to insufficient sediment supply.
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