Beyond marsh drowning: The many faces of marsh loss (and gain)
Beyond marsh drowning: The many faces of marsh loss (and gain)
复制标题
超越沼泽溺水：沼泽损失（和收益）的许多方面
DOI：
10.1016/j.advwatres.2020.103710
复制
发表时间：
2020
影响因子：
4.7
通讯作者：
G. Mariotti
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
G. Mariotti
利用二维潮汐动力学、波浪动力学、保质泥沙输运、边缘侵蚀、池塘动力学和沼泽高地迁移相结合的新模型（MarshMorpho2D）研究了潮汐沼泽的形态动力学。该模型仅通过改变潮差、沉积物供应和RSLR率，就能再现沼泽损失的多种空间格局。对于所有的潮差，RSLR的增加引起河道加宽，而泥沙供应的减少引起潮滩加深并增加波边侵蚀。池塘失控扩张导致的沼泽损失在中等RSLR率中占主导地位，特别是在小潮汐差和小沉积物供应中。溺亡只发生在高RSLR率和极低泥沙供应的微潮环境中。溺水仅限于沼泽的陆地部分，缺乏与池塘逃逸相关的空间尺度的多样性。对于较大的潮差，淹没和池塘失控的沼泽损失可以忽略不计，从而增加了边缘侵蚀和河道拓宽的相对重要性。高地移民加深了河道，释放了沉积物，从而有助于维持现有的沼泽。尽管如此，沼泽高地的扩张只补偿了大潮差或高沉积物供应的现有沼泽损失，因此微潮沼泽很可能经历净损失。沼泽损失是高度异质性的，不能很好地用基于垂直增加阈值的沼泽生存和沼泽损失的二分法来表示。沼泽损失可以通过多种机制发生，这阻碍了对沼泽损失进行概括预测的能力。
The morphodynamics of tidal marshes is investigated using a novel model (MarshMorpho2D) that couples 2D tidal dynamics, wave dynamics, mass-conserving sediment transport, edge erosion, pond dynamics, and marsh upland migration. By only changing tidal range, sediment supply, and RSLR rate, the model reproduces a great variety of spatial patterns in marsh loss. For all tidal ranges, an increase in RSLR triggers channel widening, whereas a decrease in sediment supply triggers tidal flat deepening and increases wave edge erosion. Marsh loss by pond runaway expansion dominates for intermediate RSLR rates, especially for small tidal ranges and for small sediment supplies. Drowning only takes place in the microtidal setting for high RSLR rates and extremely low sediment supply. Drowning is restricted to the landward portion of the marsh, and lacks the variety of spatial scales associated with pond runaway. For a large tidal range, the amount of marsh loss by drowning and pond runaway is negligible, thus increasing the relative importance of edge erosion and channel widening. Upland migration deepens the channels, which release sediment and thus help sustaining the existing marsh. Nonetheless, marsh upland expansion compensates for existing marsh loss only for a large tidal range or for a high sediment supply, and thus microtidal marshes are likely to experience net loss. Marsh loss is highly heterogeneous, and is not well represented by the dichotomy between marsh survival and marsh loss based on vertical accretion thresholds. Marsh loss can take place by a variety of mechanisms, hindering the ability to generalize predictions about marsh loss.
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美国切萨皮克湾的大规模高地向湿地转变弥补了历史上的沼泽损失
影响因子：
2.7
作者：
Schieder, Nathalie W.;Walters, David C.;Kirwan, Matthew L.
通讯作者：
Kirwan, Matthew L.
DOI：
10.5194/hess-2016-225-rc1
发表时间：
2016
期刊：
--
影响因子：
--
作者：
N. Ganju;Z. Defne;M. Kirwan;S. Fagherazzi;A. D’Alpaos;L. Carniello
通讯作者：
N. Ganju;Z. Defne;M. Kirwan;S. Fagherazzi;A. D’Alpaos;L. Carniello
影响因子：
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作者：
S. Fagherazzi;S. Anisfeld;L. Blum;Emily V. Long;R. Feagin;A. Fernandes;W. S. Kearney;K. Williams
通讯作者：
S. Fagherazzi;S. Anisfeld;L. Blum;Emily V. Long;R. Feagin;A. Fernandes;W. S. Kearney;K. Williams
影响因子：
64.8
作者：
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通讯作者：
Brown, Sally