The evolutionary demise of a social interaction: social partners differ in the rate at which interacting phenotypes are lost
The evolutionary demise of a social interaction: social partners differ in the rate at which interacting phenotypes are lost
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社交互动的进化消亡：社交伙伴在互动表型消失的速度上存在差异
DOI：
10.1101/2022.04.05.486946
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发表时间：
2022
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Bladon E
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bladon E
表型可塑性使动物能够灵活地调整其行为以适应社会环境-有时通过表达几代人都没有表现出的适应性特征。我们调查了多久的社会适应，可以有效地坚持时，他们不经常表达，通过使用实验进化记录与父母照顾的供应和需求相关的社会特征的损失。我们让埋葬甲虫Nicrophorus vespilloides的种群在实验室里在两种社会环境中进化了48代。在“全面照顾”的人群中，与父母照顾的供给和需求相关的性状在每一代都表达，而在“无照顾”的人群中，我们通过实验阻止了这些性状的表达。然后，我们通过允许父母提供孵化后护理，在第24、43和48代的无护理人群中恢复了性状表达，并将这些社会性状与完全护理人群所表达的性状进行了比较。我们发现，在无护理人群中，后代对护理的需求比父母提供护理的能力衰减得更快。此外，男性护理先于女性护理衰退。我们认为，这反映了在后代，男性和女性，这可以提高健身时，孵化后的护理中断的替代性状的表达选择的强度的差异。我们的实验通过在真实的时间里评估那些不再经常表达的社会行为的持久性，为接下来会发生什么提供了一个难得的洞察力。我们的研究结果也有保护圈养繁殖计划的补偿畜牧技术防止性状的表达，因此可能会无意中引起快速，不可逆转的trait loss.We调查了多久，人口失去表达适当的社会行为的能力时，他们已经被阻止这样做了许多代。我们通过在实验室中进化埋葬甲虫Nicrophorus vespilloides的重复种群48代来做到这一点。埋葬虫是一种常见的昆虫，以照顾其幼虫而闻名，尽管幼虫可以在实验室中生存而无需任何照顾。在两个种群中（“完全护理”），我们允许父母和后代在提供孵化后护理期间进行互动，像往常一样。在另外两个种群（“不关心”）中，父母在后代孵化之前就被带走了，因此无法与后代进行社交互动。在48代实验进化的过程中，我们定期恢复不关心种群中父母和后代之间的社交互动。我们评估了幼虫乞讨行为和父母照顾行为的程度，通过比较它们的表达与全面护理人群。我们发现，幼虫乞讨行为迅速侵蚀无护理人口，更快地比父母的照顾供应。此外，父亲的照顾比母亲的照顾衰退的程度更大（这是在很大程度上不变，相对于其在充分照顾人口的表达）。我们认为，这些差异可能是由于选择的强度对每个家庭成员的替代性状，以提高健身的差异。
Phenotypic plasticity enables animals to adjust their behaviour flexibly to their social environment – sometimes through the expression of adaptive traits that have not been exhibited for several generations. We investigated how long social adaptations can usefully persist when they are not routinely expressed, by using experimental evolution to document the loss of social traits associated with the supply and demand of parental care. We allowed populations of burying beetlesNicrophorus vespilloidesto evolve in two social environments for 48 generations in the lab. In ‘Full Care’ populations, traits associated with the supply and demand of parental care were expressed at every generation, whereas in ‘No Care’ populations we prevented expression of these traits experimentally. We then revived trait expression in the No Care populations at generations 24, 43 and 48 by allowing parents to supply post-hatching care, and compared these social traits with those expressed by the Full Care populations. We found that offspring demands for care decayed in the No Care populations more rapidly than a parent’s capacity to supply care. Furthermore, male care decayed before female care. We suggest that this reflects differences in the strength of selection for the expression of alternative traits in offspring, males and females, which can enhance fitness when post-hatching care is disrupted.Impact SummarySocial interactions between animals are suggested to be increasingly vulnerable to breakdown in our changing world. Our experiments offer a rare insight into what happens next, by assessing in real time the durability of social behaviours that are no longer routinely expressed. Our results also have implications for conservation captive breeding programmes where compensatory husbandry techniques prevent trait expression and so could inadvertently induce rapid, irreversible trait loss.We investigated how long it took populations to lose the ability to express appropriate social behaviour when they had been prevented from doing so for many generations. We did this by evolving replicate populations of burying beetlesNicrophorus vespilloidesin the laboratory for 48 generations. The burying beetle is a common insect that is well-known for caring for its larvae, although larvae can survive in the lab without any care at all. In two populations (“Full Care”), we allowed parents and offspring to interact during the supply of post-hatching care, as usual. In two other populations (“No Care”), parents were removed before offspring hatched and so could not interact socially with their young.Over the course of 48 generations of experimental evolution, we periodically revived social interactions between parents and offspring in the No Care populations. We assessed the extent to which larval begging behaviours, and parental care behaviours, had decayed by comparing their expression with those in the Full Care populations. We found that larval begging behaviour eroded rapidly in No Care populations, and more rapidly than the supply of care by parents. Furthermore, paternal care decayed to a greater extent than maternal care (which was largely unchanged relative to its expression in the Full Care populations). We suggest that these differences could be due to differences in the strength of selection on each family member for alternative traits to enhance fitness.
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DOI：
10.1098/rspb.1999.0727
发表时间：
1999
期刊：
Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series B: Biological Sciences
影响因子：
--
作者：
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影响因子：
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DOI：
--
发表时间：
2022
期刊：
影响因子：
--
作者：
Benjamin J. M. Jarrett;R. Mashoodh;S. Issar;S. Pascoal;D. Rebar;Jyun Sun;Matthew Schrader;R. Kilner
通讯作者：
R. Kilner
影响因子：
2.5
作者：
Eggert, AK;Reinking, M;Müller, JK
通讯作者：
Müller, JK
DOI：
--
发表时间：
2018
期刊：
Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution and Systematics
影响因子：
--
作者：
Emilie C. Snell‐Rood;M. E. Kobiela;Kristin L. Sikkink;A. M. Shephard
通讯作者：
A. M. Shephard