Epidemiology of malaria in the forest-savanna transitional zone of Ghana.
Epidemiology of malaria in the forest-savanna transitional zone of Ghana.
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DOI：
10.1186/1475-2875-8-220
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发表时间：
2009-09-28
期刊：
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
Chandramohan D
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Owusu-Agyei S;Asante KP;Adjuik M;Adjei G;Awini E;Adams M;Newton S;Dosoo D;Dery D;Agyeman-Budu A;Gyapong J;Greenwood B;Chandramohan D
疟疾流行病学信息对于设计和解释药物、疫苗和其他干预措施的临床试验结果至关重要。作为建立抗疟疾药物和疫苗试验点的背景，对加纳中部农村地区的疟疾流行病学进行了调查。在一组5岁以下儿童（n = 335）中进行了临床疟疾的积极监测，并在一组所有年龄段的受试者（n = 1484）中估计了12个月期间的疟疾患病率。参与者从研究区域内约22，000所房屋中随机选择的16所索引房屋周围的集群中抽样。每周三次访问儿童队列以筛查任何疾病，如果儿童有发热史或体温大于或等于37.5摄氏度，则采集血液载玻片。所有年龄组在12个月期间每8周进行一次疟疾筛查。此外，还对研究区的按蚊疟疾媒介进行了昆虫接种率（EIR）估计和媒介特征分析。所有年龄组的平均寄生虫患病率为58%（95%CI：56.9，59.4）。在5岁以下儿童中，平均患病率为64%（95%CI：61.9，66.0）。寄生虫密度的几何平均值随年龄的增加而显著降低。在所有10岁以下儿童中，50%以上患有贫血症。5岁以下儿童每年平均有多达7次疟疾发作。随着寄生虫密度临界值的增加，感染率显著下降。平均感染复数（MOI）为6.1。恶性疟原虫dhfr基因的所有三个乙胺嘧啶抗性突变等位基因在该人群中普遍存在，25%的感染有第四个突变pfdhps-A437 G。主要媒介为不死按蚊和冈比亚按蚊，感染率为269次/人/年。加纳中部森林草原地区的疟疾传播率很高，而且是常年性的，这是进行抗疟疾药物和疫苗临床试验的适当地点。
Information on the epidemiology of malaria is essential for designing and interpreting results of clinical trials of drugs, vaccines and other interventions. As a background to the establishment of a site for anti-malarial drugs and vaccine trials, the epidemiology of malaria in a rural site in central Ghana was investigated. Active surveillance of clinical malaria was carried out in a cohort of children below five years of age (n = 335) and the prevalence of malaria was estimated in a cohort of subjects of all ages (n = 1484) over a 12-month period. Participants were sampled from clusters drawn around sixteen index houses randomly selected from a total of about 22,000 houses within the study area. The child cohort was visited thrice weekly to screen for any illness and a blood slide was taken if a child had a history of fever or a temperature greater than or equal to 37.5 degree Celsius. The all-age cohort was screened for malaria once every eight weeks over a 12-month period. Estimation of Entomological Inoculation Rate (EIR) and characterization of Anopheline malaria vectors in the study area were also carried out. The average parasite prevalence in the all age cohort was 58% (95% CI: 56.9, 59.4). In children below five years of age, the average prevalence was 64% (95% CI: 61.9, 66.0). Geometric mean parasite densities decreased significantly with increasing age. More than 50% of all children less than 10 years of age were anaemic. Children less than 5 years of age had as many as seven malaria attacks per child per year. The attack rates decreased significantly with increasing cut-offs of parasite density. The average Multiplicity of Infection (MOI) was of 6.1. All three pyrimethamine resistance mutant alleles of the Plasmodium falciparum dhfr gene were prevalent in this population and 25% of infections had a fourth mutant of pfdhps-A437G. The main vectors were Anopheles funestus and Anopheles gambiae and the EIR was 269 infective bites per person per year. The transmission of malaria in the forest-savanna region of central Ghana is high and perennial and this is an appropriate site for conducting clinical trials of anti-malarial drugs and vaccines.
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DOI：
10.4269/ajtmh.2001.65.197
发表时间：
2001-09-01
影响因子：
3.3
作者：
Owusu-Agyei, S;Koram, KA;Hoffman, SL
通讯作者：
Hoffman, SL
影响因子：
168.9
作者：
Cissé, B;Sokhna, C;Trape, JF
通讯作者：
Trape, JF
影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Owusu-Agyei S;Asante KP;Owusu R;Adjuik M;Amenga-Etego S;Dosoo DK;Gyapong J;Greenwood B;Chandramohan D
通讯作者：
Chandramohan D
DOI：
10.4269/ajtmh.2002.67.578
发表时间：
2002-12-01
影响因子：
3.3
作者：
Sutherland, CJ;Alloueche, A;Targett, GAT
通讯作者：
Targett, GAT
影响因子：
1.9
作者：
Toure, YT;Traore, SF;Petrarca, V
通讯作者：
Petrarca, V