Social, not spatial, fidelity underlies between-year winter site fidelity in a migratory bird
Social, not spatial, fidelity underlies between-year winter site fidelity in a migratory bird
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候鸟年间冬季地点保真度的基础是社会保真度，而不是空间保真度
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.2311577120
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发表时间：
2023
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Cohen, Emily B.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
DeSimone, Joely G.;Cohen, Emily B.
迁徙的一个显著特点是对地点的忠实，动物们年复一年地回到同一个地区，甚至是特定的领地。当动物从当地景观和资源的先验知识中受益时，场地忠诚度可能由场地熟悉度驱动。网站忠诚度也可能源于长期的社会关系，由于与熟悉的个体联系的社会效益，例如减少攻击和增加喂养，个体反复返回同一个位置（1）。在动物社交网络领域，解开空间忠诚度和社会忠诚度之间的关系一直是一个长期存在的鸡和蛋的困境：两个个体是因为被吸引到同一个地方而偶然联系，还是两个个体因为彼此吸引而共享空间？此外，我们对空间和社会忠诚度的了解大部分来自繁殖范围内的交配对;冬季场地忠诚度的机制还不太清楚。在本期PNAS中，Madsen et al. (2)优雅地应用网络建模技术，从一个野生种群的goldenrowned麻雀的长期resighting数据，以证明社会的忠诚度的基础冬季网站的忠诚度在这个迁徙人口。Madsen等人(2)在2009年至2019年的冬季，在加州的一个6公顷的植物园中，在10年的时间里监测了金雀（Zonotrichia atricapilla）的种群。每年冬天，研究人员使用色带来识别和识别个体鸟类，描绘出每只鸟的家园范围和随着时间的推移空间使用的变化。值得注意的是，在完成数百或数千公里的迁徙后，麻雀返回野外，并占据了前一年数十米范围内的家域。这种规模的冬季网站保真度已经观察到之前（如参考文献3），但是家域位置在不同年份之间的精细重复性和这个地点社会关系的显著一致性的结合为社会关系对地点忠诚度的影响的有意义的分析奠定了基础。研究人员利用自然人口流动来平衡个人忠诚度（由于出生、死亡、移民和迁出而导致的人口逐年变化），以测试社会和空间保真度之间的关系。这种方法是研究的独特优势。以前将社会保真度与空间保真度分开的方法包括无法确定因果关系的统计分析工具（5）或可能不总是重建自然条件的模拟和实验操作（6）。相反，通过量化社交伙伴自然更替的空间效应，研究人员解决了自然条件下网站忠诚度和社交忠诚度之间的“因果难题”。
Site fidelity is one remarkable aspect of migration, with animals returning to the same general regions, or even specific territories, year after year. Site fidelity may be driven by site familiarity when an animal benefits from prior knowledge of the local landscape and resources. Site fidelity may also stem from long-term social relationships, with individuals repeatedly returning to the same location because of the social benefits of associating with familiar individuals, such as reduced aggression and increased feeding (1). Disentangling the relationship between spatial fidelity and social fidelity has been a long-standing chicken-and-egg dilemma in the field of animal social networks: Do two individuals associate incidentally because they are drawn to the same location or do two individuals share space because they are drawn to each other? Additionally, much of what we know about spatial and social fidelity comes from mated pairs in the breeding range; mechanisms of winter site fidelity are less well understood. In the current issue of PNAS, Madsen et al.(2) elegantly apply network modeling techniques to long-term resighting data from a wild population of goldencrowned sparrows to demonstrate that social fidelity underlies winter site fidelity in this migratory population. Madsen et al.(2) monitored a population of goldencrowned sparrows (Zonotrichia atricapilla) in a 6-ha arboretum in California over a 10-y period, during the winters of 2009 to 2019. Using color bands to identify and resight individual birds each winter, the researchers delineated each individual’s home range and changes in space use over time. Remarkably, after completing migrations of hundreds or thousands of kilometers, sparrows returned to the field site and occupied home ranges within tens of meters of the previous year. This scale of winter site fidelity has been observed before (eg, ref. 3), but the combination of fine-scale repeatability in home range locations between years and remarkable consistency of social relationships at this site (4) set the stage for a meaningful analysis of the effect of social relationships on site fidelity.The researchers leveraged the individual fidelity with natural demographic turnover (year-to-year changes in the population due to births, deaths, immigration, and emigration) to test the relationship between social and spatial fidelity. This approach is a unique strength of the study. Previous methods for disentangling social fidelity from spatial fidelity include statistical analytical tools that are unable to determine causality (5) or simulated and experimental manipulations that may not always recreate natural conditions (6). Instead, by quantifying the spatial effect of natural turnover in social partners, the researchers solved the “causal conundrum” between site fidelity and social fidelity under natural conditions.
越冬麻雀成功归巢
DOI：
--
发表时间：
2003
期刊：
影响因子：
--
作者：
A. Quarterly
通讯作者：
A. Quarterly
影响因子：
2.4
作者：
D. Shizuka;Allison E. Johnson
通讯作者：
D. Shizuka;Allison E. Johnson
影响因子：
4.1
作者：
Shaw, Allison K.
通讯作者：
Shaw, Allison K.