Varieties of interdependence and the emergence of the Modern West: Toward the globalizing of psychology.

Varieties of interdependence and the emergence of the Modern West: Toward the globalizing of psychology.
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相互依存的多样性和现代西方的出现:走向心理学的全球化。

DOI:
10.1037/amp0001073
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发表时间:
2022
影响因子:
16.4
通讯作者:
Savani, Krishna
Savani, Krishna
中科院分区:
心理学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Kitayama, Shinobu;Salvador, Cristina E.;Nanakdewa, Kevin;Rossmaier, Amelie;San Martin, Alvaro;Savani, Krishna

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文化心理学研究领域集中于文化和心智的相互构成,通过记录人们如何思考、感受和行动的强大文化差异,已经取得了长足的进步。累积的证据与西方人是独立的,而世界其他地区的人是相互依存的假设是一致的。虽然这项研究传统上研究了北美人和东亚人,但最近的研究将这一文献扩展到其他非西方地区。我们回顾了这一新兴的研究,并描述了四种不同形式的相互依存在四个非西方文化区。具体而言,促进相互依存的方式是:(a)避免冲突(在东亚大部分地区占主导地位),(B)自我主张以保护群体(在阿拉伯地区占主导地位),(c)表达情感以促进人际共鸣(在拉丁美洲占主导地位),(d)为解决冲突进行辩论(在南亚占主导地位)。此外,我们认为,现代西方采用了相邻文化区现有的相互依存的标志性特征(特别是自我主张,情感表达和论证),并重新定义了这些特征的心理功能和社会意义;它们不是促进相互依存,而是成为实现独立的手段。这种理论整合表明,在过去的几千年里,在生态、迁移和群体间关系的影响下,基本心理过程中的文化差异出现了。目前的努力强调了心理科学全球化的必要性。(PsycInfo数据库记录(c)2023阿帕,保留所有权利)
Cultural psychology—the research field focusing on the mutual constitution of culture and the mind—has made great strides by documenting robust cultural variations in how people think, feel, and act. The cumulative evidence is consistent with the hypothesis that Westerners are independent, whereas those in the rest of the world are interdependent. Although this research traditionally examined North Americans and East Asians, recent research has extended this literature to other non-Western regions. We review this emerging research and describe four distinct forms of interdependence in four non-Western cultural zones. Specifically, interdependence is promoted through (a) conflict avoidance (dominant in much of East Asia),(b) self-assertion for ingroup protection (dominant in Arab regions),(c) expression of emotions that promote interpersonal resonance (dominant in Latin America), and (d) argumentation for conflict resolution (dominant in South Asia). Furthermore, we propose that the Modern West adopted the existing signature features of interdependence in the neighboring cultural zones (notably, self-assertion, emotional expression, and argumentation) and redefined the psychological function and social meaning of these features; instead of promoting interdependence, they became means to achieve independence. This theoretical integration suggests that cultural variation in basic psychological processes emerged over the last several 1,000 years under the influence of ecology, migration, and intergroup relations. The current effort underscores the need to globalize psychological science.(PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved)
《Homo Hierarchicus:种姓制度及其影响》,马克·塞恩斯伯里和尼科尔森翻译自法文,《人类社会的本质》,1970 年,第 xxii 页,5 张图表。四。
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