Hopanoid lipids: from membranes to plant-bacteria interactions.

Hopanoid lipids: from membranes to plant-bacteria interactions.
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DOI:
10.1038/nrmicro.2017.173
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发表时间:
2018-05
期刊:
Nature reviews. Microbiology
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Newman DK
Newman DK
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Belin BJ;Busset N;Giraud E;Molinaro A;Silipo A;Newman DK

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脂质研究代表了微生物学的前沿,如hopanoid脂质所展示的。Hopanoids类似于甾醇,存在于各种细菌的细胞膜中,留下了广泛的分子化石记录。它们最早是由石油地质学家发现的。今天,产生类Hopanoid的细菌在各种生态系统中仍然很丰富,例如根际。最近,在我们的理解中已经取得了很大的进展,在脂质鉴定和定量的技术进步的一部分,促进了类藿烷的生物合成。已经培养了多种遗传上易处理的产生类Hopanoid的细菌,并且用于操纵类Hopanoid生物合成和检测类Hopanoid的工具正在改进。然而,我们仍然有很多要了解的关于hopanoid生产是如何调节的,hopanoid如何在生物学和生物化学上起作用,以及它们的生产如何影响细菌与其他生物体(如植物)的相互作用。因此,对hopanoids的研究提供了丰富的发现机会。
Lipid research represents a frontier for microbiology, as showcased by hopanoid lipids. Hopanoids, which resemble sterols and are found in the membranes of diverse bacteria, have left an extensive molecular fossil record. They were first discovered by petroleum geologists. Today, hopanoid-producing bacteria remain abundant in various ecosystems, such as the rhizosphere. Recently, great progress has been made in our understanding of hopanoid biosynthesis, facilitated in part by technical advances in lipid identification and quantification. A variety of genetically tractable, hopanoid-producing bacteria have been cultured, and tools to manipulate hopanoid biosynthesis and detect hopanoids are improving. However, we still have much to learn regarding how hopanoid production is regulated, how hopanoids act biophysically and biochemically, and how their production affects bacterial interactions with other organisms, such as plants. The study of hopanoids thus offers rich opportunities for discovery.
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