Faster growth of the major prokaryotic versus eukaryotic CO2 fixers in the oligotrophic ocean.

Faster growth of the major prokaryotic versus eukaryotic CO2 fixers in the oligotrophic ocean.
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DOI:
10.1038/ncomms4776
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发表时间:
2014-04-29
影响因子:
16.6
通讯作者:
Zubkov, Mikhail V.
Zubkov, Mikhail V.
中科院分区:
综合性期刊1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Zubkov, Mikhail V.

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因为维持不可伸缩的细胞成分——细胞膜和染色体——需要的能量随着细胞尺寸的减小而增加,因此对浮游植物细胞来说,小型化需要付出相当大的能量代价。因此,如果真核生物能够利用其优越的能量资源以比原核生物更高甚至相似的效率获取营养物质,那么较大的单细胞真核生物应该能够比较小的蓝藻实现更高的生长速度。在这里,为了验证这一假设,我们使用原始的流式细胞术14co2示踪剂方法直接比较了赤道到温带南大西洋的光合原核生物和真核生物的内在生长速率。在海洋盆地尺度上,蓝藻的生物量翻倍的频率是微真核生物的两倍,这表明原核生物是生长速度更快的二氧化碳固形物,更能适应在少营养化开放海洋(地球上最广泛的生物群系)中光养生活。在能量优势的真核生物进化之后,原核生物似乎在地球上所有主要生物群系中失去了对生物二氧化碳固定的控制。在这里,作者表明,在地球上最广泛的生物群系——寡营养海洋中,原核生物固定二氧化碳的速度是真核生物的两倍。
Because maintenance of non-scalable cellular components—membranes and chromosomes—requires an increasing fraction of energy as cell size decreases, miniaturization comes at a considerable energetic cost for a phytoplanktonic cell. Consequently, if eukaryotes can use their superior energetic resources to acquire nutrients with more or even similar efficiency compared with prokaryotes, larger unicellular eukaryotes should be able to achieve higher growth rates than smaller cyanobacteria. Here, to test this hypothesis, we directly compare the intrinsic growth rates of phototrophic prokaryotes and eukaryotes from the equatorial to temperate South Atlantic using an original flow cytometric 14CO2-tracer approach. At the ocean basin scale, cyanobacteria double their biomass twice as frequently as the picoeukaryotes indicating that the prokaryotes are faster growing CO2 fixers, better adapted to phototrophic living in the oligotrophic open ocean—the most extensive biome on Earth. After the energetically superior eukaryotes had evolved, prokaryotes appeared to lose control over biological CO2 fixation in all major biomes on Earth. Here the author shows that in the oligotrophic ocean, the most extensive biome on Earth, the prokaryotes fix CO2 twice as fast as eukaryotes.
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