Signaling Pathway Reporter Screen with SARS-CoV-2 Proteins Identifies nsp5 as a Repressor of p53 Activity.

Signaling Pathway Reporter Screen with SARS-CoV-2 Proteins Identifies nsp5 as a Repressor of p53 Activity.
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DOI:
10.3390/v14051039
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发表时间:
2022-05-13
期刊:
Viruses
影响因子:
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中科院分区:
其他
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宿主信号通路失调在严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2 (SARS-CoV-2)感染和病毒发病过程中起着关键作用。虽然已经发现了许多可以阻断I型IFN信号传导的病毒蛋白,但对SARS-CoV-2蛋白在调节其他可能对病毒感染及其病理生理至关重要的信号传导途径中的作用的全面分析仍然缺乏。在这里,我们使用荧光素酶报告基因法筛选了21种SARS-CoV-2蛋白对10种不同宿主信号通路(即Wnt、p53、TGFβ、c-Myc、Hypoxia、Hippo、AP-1、Notch、Oct4/Sox2和NF-κB)的影响。因此,我们确定了几种SARS-CoV-2蛋白,它们可以在HEK293T细胞过表达的背景下作为不同信号通路的激活剂或抑制剂。我们还提供了p53是SARS-CoV-2内在宿主限制因子的证据。我们发现p53的过表达能够减少病毒的产生,而主要的病毒蛋白酶nsp5可以抑制p53的转录活性,这取决于nsp5的蛋白酶功能。综上所述,我们的研究结果为未来的研究提供了基础,可以探索SARS-CoV-2蛋白特异性信号通路失调如何控制病毒感染和发病机制。
The dysregulation of host signaling pathways plays a critical role in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection and viral pathogenesis. While a number of viral proteins that can block type I IFN signaling have been identified, a comprehensive analysis of SARS-CoV-2 proteins in the regulation of other signaling pathways that can be critical for viral infection and its pathophysiology is still lacking. Here, we screened the effect of 21 SARS-CoV-2 proteins on 10 different host signaling pathways, namely, Wnt, p53, TGFβ, c-Myc, Hypoxia, Hippo, AP-1, Notch, Oct4/Sox2, and NF-κB, using a luciferase reporter assay. As a result, we identified several SARS-CoV-2 proteins that could act as activators or inhibitors for distinct signaling pathways in the context of overexpression in HEK293T cells. We also provided evidence for p53 being an intrinsic host restriction factor of SARS-CoV-2. We found that the overexpression of p53 is capable of reducing virus production, while the main viral protease nsp5 can repress the transcriptional activity of p53, which depends on the protease function of nsp5. Taken together, our results provide a foundation for future studies, which can explore how the dysregulation of specific signaling pathways by SARS-CoV-2 proteins can control viral infection and pathogenesis.
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