Comorbidity of anxiety and depression in children and adolescents: 20 years after.
Comorbidity of anxiety and depression in children and adolescents: 20 years after.
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DOI：
10.1037/a0034733
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发表时间：
2014-05
影响因子：
22.4
通讯作者：
Kendall, Philip C.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cummings, Colleen M.;Caporino, Nicole E.;Kendall, Philip C.
得出的结论是，虽然青年的焦虑和抑郁有意义的联系，但有重要的区别，需要更多的研究。从那时起，对青年焦虑抑郁共病的研究呈指数级增长。在对共病的讨论之后，我们回顾了现有的概念模型，并提出了焦虑抑郁共病的多通路模型。途径1描述了具有焦虑素质的青年，随后伴有焦虑相关损害导致的共病抑郁。途径2是指具有焦虑和抑郁共同素质的青年，他们可能同时经历这两种疾病。途径3描述了具有抑郁症素质的青年，随后伴有抑郁症相关损害导致的共病焦虑。此外，共享和分层的风险因素有助于共病疾病的发展，通过与疾病相关的损害相互作用或通过预测疾病的同时发展。我们的综述涉及描述性和发展因素，性别差异，自杀，评估和治疗结果的研究，因为它们与共病的焦虑和抑郁，我们提出的途径。自1992年以来的研究表明，合并症根据具体的焦虑症而有所不同，途径1描述了患有社交恐惧症或分离焦虑症以及随后抑郁症的青年，途径2适用于患有共同原发性广泛性焦虑症和抑郁症的青年，途径3包括患有社交恐惧症的抑郁青年。需要测试提出的多途径模型，并检查（a）发展变化和（B）具体的焦虑症突出。
concluded that although anxiety and depression in youth are meaningfully linked, there are important distinctions, and additional research was needed. Since then, studies of anxiety-depression comorbidity in youth have increased exponentially. Following a discussion of comorbidity, we review existing conceptual models and propose a multiple pathways model to anxiety-depression comorbidity. Pathway 1 describes youth with a diathesis for anxiety, with subsequent comorbid depression resulting from anxiety-related impairment. Pathway 2 refers to youth with a shared diathesis for anxiety and depression, who may experience both disorders simultaneously. Pathway 3 describes youth with a diathesis for depression, with subsequent comorbid anxiety resulting from depression-related impairment. Additionally, shared and stratified risk factors contribute to the development of the comorbid disorder, either by interacting with disorder-related impairment or by predicting the simultaneous development of the disorders. Our review addresses descriptive and developmental factors, gender differences, suicidality, assessments, and treatment-outcome research as they relate to comorbid anxiety and depression, and to our proposed pathways. Research since 1992 indicates that comorbidity varies depending on the specific anxiety disorder, with Pathway 1 describing youth with either social phobia or separation anxiety disorder and subsequent depression, Pathway 2 applying to youth with co-primary generalized anxiety disorder and depression, and Pathway 3 including depressed youth with subsequent social phobia. The need to test the proposed multiple pathways model and to examine (a) developmental change and (b) specific anxiety disorders is highlighted.
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影响因子：
5.9
作者：
Barrett, PM;Dadds, MR;Rapee, RM
通讯作者：
Rapee, RM
DOI：
10.1097/chi.0b013e3181977476
发表时间：
2009-03-01
影响因子：
13.3
作者：
Asarnow, Joan Rosenbaum;Emslie, Graham;Brent, David
通讯作者：
Brent, David
DOI：
10.1097/chi.0b013e3181af8216
发表时间：
2009-09-01
影响因子：
13.3
作者：
Alfano, Candice A.;Pina, Armando A.;Crosby, Lori E.
通讯作者：
Crosby, Lori E.
影响因子：
--
作者：
BECK, AT;ERBAUGH, J;MENDELSOHN, M
通讯作者：
MENDELSOHN, M
DOI：
10.1080/15374410903532643
发表时间：
2010-01-01
影响因子：
4.2
作者：
Anderson, Emily R.;Veed, Glen J.;Hansen, David J.
通讯作者：
Hansen, David J.