"White Box" Epidemiology and the Social Neuroscience of Health Behaviors: The Environmental Affordances Model.
"White Box" Epidemiology and the Social Neuroscience of Health Behaviors: The Environmental Affordances Model.
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DOI：
10.1177/2156869313480892
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发表时间：
2013-07-01
影响因子：
5.1
通讯作者：
Jackson JS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Mezuk B;Abdou CM;Hudson D;Kershaw KN;Rafferty JA;Lee H;Jackson JS
我们对健康和健康行为的社会决定因素的认识取得了重大进展。然而，现有的关于健康差异的研究通常未能解决文献中一个已知的悖论：尽管与非西班牙裔白人相比，黑人有更高的医疗发病率，但黑人患与压力相关的常见精神病理（如重度抑郁症和焦虑症）的比例较低。在本文中，我们提出了一种新的理论方法，即环境能力模型，作为生理和心理健康差异起源的综合框架。我们强调早期的经验支持和越来越多的实验动物和人类研究自我调节健康行为和压力应对，这与拟议的框架是一致的。我们的结论是，需要跨学科的方法，如环境能力模型，来了解基于群体的差异的起源，以实施有效的解决方案，以种族和族裔群体在身心健康方面的不平等。
Crucial advances have been made in our knowledge of the social determinants of health and health behaviors. Existing research on health disparities, however, generally fails to address a known paradox in the literature: While blacks have higher risk of medical morbidity relative to non-Hispanic whites, blacks have lower rates of common stress-related forms of psychopathology such as major depression and anxiety disorders. In this article we propose a new theoretical approach, the Environmental Affordances Model, as an integrative framework for the origins of both physical and mental health disparities. We highlight early empirical support and a growing body of experimental animal and human research on self-regulatory health behaviors and stress coping that is consistent with the proposed framework. We conclude that transdisciplinary approaches, such as the Environmental Affordances Model, are needed to understand the origins of group-based disparities to implement effective solutions to racial and ethnic group inequalities in physical and mental health.
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