Future Changes of Atmospheric Energy Cycle in CMIP5 Climate Models

Future Changes of Atmospheric Energy Cycle in CMIP5 Climate Models
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CMIP5气候模型中大气能量循环的未来变化

DOI:
10.1029/2021jd036380
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发表时间:
2022
期刊:
Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Iwasaki Toshiki
Iwasaki Toshiki
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Kanno Yuki;Iwasaki Toshiki

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通过使用耦合模式相互比较项目(CMIP 5)第五阶段的12个气候模式和质量加权等熵纬向平均框架估计了大气能量循环的未来变化。在这个框架中,纬向平均可用位能(AZ)通过纬向平均直接环流转换为纬向平均动能(KZ),而KZ通过波平均流相互作用转换为波能(W),即涡动可用位能和涡动动能之和。高排放情景下的世纪末和历史情景下的20世纪世纪末的比较表明,冬季北方半球(NH)和南半球(SH)的AZandKZin显著增加。波能在北半球冬季显著降低,而在南半球冬季略有增加。在北半球冬季,定常波能量显著降低,瞬变波能量向极移。全球变暖减少了斜压不稳定波的活动,从而抑制了向上的Eliassen-Palm通量和波诱导的热带外直接环流。它降低了动态能量转换率C(AZ,KZ)和C(KZ,W)。另一方面,非绝热波能产生率(QE)预计将增加,特别是在SH。未来W的变化与C(KZ,W)和QE之和的变化一致。与波平均流相互作用相关的动能转换和与非绝热加热过程相关的涡动可用势能的产生的变化对于解释波能变化是必要的。
Future changes in the atmospheric energy cycle were estimated by using 12 climate models from the fifth phase of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP5) and mass‐weighted isentropic zonal‐mean framework. In this framework, the zonal‐mean available potential energy (AZ) is converted to the zonal‐mean kinetic energy (KZ) through mean‐meridional direct circulations, andKZis converted to the wave energy (W), the sum of eddy available potential energy and eddy kinetic energy, through wave‐mean flow interactions. The comparison between the late 21st century in a high emission scenario and the late 20th century in the historical scenario indicates a significant increase inAZandKZin winter in the Northern Hemisphere (NH) and the Southern Hemisphere (SH). The wave energy significantly decreases in the NH winter but slightly increases in the SH winter. In the NH winter, the stationary wave energy significantly decreases, and the transient wave energy shifts poleward. Global warming reduces the baroclinic instability wave activity, which suppresses the upward Eliassen‐Palm flux and wave‐induced extratropical direct circulation. It decreases the dynamic energy conversion ratesC(AZ,KZ) andC(KZ,W). On the other hand, the diabatic wave energy generation rate (QE) is projected to increase, particularly in the SH. The futureWchange is consistent with the change in the sum ofC(KZ,W) andQE. Changes in both the dynamical energy conversion associated with wave‐mean flow interactions and the generation of eddy available potential energy associated with diabatic heating processes are necessary to explain the wave energy change.
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