Racial Disparities in Necrotizing Enterocolitis.
Racial Disparities in Necrotizing Enterocolitis.
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DOI：
10.3389/fped.2021.633088
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发表时间：
2021
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Khashu M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cuna A;Sampath V;Khashu M
坏死性小肠结肠炎（NEC）是一种严重的肠道疾病，影响5-10%的早产儿，其中需要手术的死亡率高达50%。NEC的发生率和结局在不同种族和民族之间存在很大差异，造成这种差异的原因尚不清楚。在这篇文章中，我们回顾了流行病学，并讨论了NEC的种族和民族差异的可能解释。目前调查种族在NEC中作用的大多数证据来自北美，表明与非西班牙裔白色人群相比，西班牙裔和非西班牙裔黑人与NEC的风险较高相关。早产、母乳喂养率和各种社会人口学因素的差异并不能完全解释NEC发病率和结局的差异。虽然遗传学研究开始确定可能增加或减少种族人群中NEC风险的候选基因，但目前的数据仍然受到样本量小和缺乏验证的限制。社会和生物决定因素之间的复杂相互作用可能是种族群体之间NEC结果差异的基础。需要更大的数据集，详细的社会，表型和基因型信息，再加上先进的生物信息学技术，以全面了解NEC的种族差异。
Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a serious disease of the intestinal tract affecting 5–10% of pre-term infants with up to 50% mortality in those that require surgery. There is wide variation in the rates and outcomes of NEC by race and ethnicity, and the reasons for this disparity are poorly understood. In this article, we review the epidemiology and discuss possible explanations for racial and ethnic differences in NEC. Most of the current evidence investigating the role of race in NEC comes from North America and suggests that Hispanic ethnicity and non-Hispanic Black race are associated with higher risk of NEC compared to non-Hispanic White populations. Differences in pre-term births, breastfeeding rates, and various sociodemographic factors does not fully account for the observed disparities in NEC incidence and outcomes. While genetic studies are beginning to identify candidate genes that may increase or decrease risk for NEC among racial populations, current data remain limited by small sample sizes and lack of validation. Complex interactions between social and biological determinants likely underly the differences in NEC outcomes among racial groups. Larger datasets with detailed social, phenotypic, and genotypic information, coupled with advanced bioinformatics techniques are needed to comprehensively understand racial disparities in NEC.
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