Defensive freezing and its relation to approach-avoidance decision-making under threat.
Defensive freezing and its relation to approach-avoidance decision-making under threat.
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DOI：
10.1038/s41598-021-90968-z
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发表时间：
2021-06-08
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Roelofs K
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Klaassen FH;Held L;Figner B;O'Reilly JX;Klumpers F;de Voogd LD;Roelofs K
成功应对严重威胁的情况需要适当的接近-回避决策。然而，目前还不清楚如何威胁诱导的状态，如冻结相关的心动过缓，影响这种基于价值的决策的潜在结果的权重。洞察底层计算是必不可少的，不仅可以改善我们的决策模型，还可以改善适应不良决策的干预措施，例如在焦虑症患者和第一反应者中，他们经常不得不在急性威胁下做出决定。42名参与者在面对混合结果前景时，在休克威胁下做出了被动和主动的接近-回避决定（即，不同的货币和冲击金额）。选择行为最好的预测模型，包括个人的行动倾向和心动过缓，超出了主观价值的结果。此外，威胁相关的心动过缓（高与低威胁）与主观价值相互作用，这取决于行动背景（被动与主动）。具体而言，在与参与者内在行动倾向不一致的行动背景下，较强的心动过缓与主观价值对参与者选择的影响减弱有关。这些发现说明了相关的测试方法，避免在相对生态有效的条件下的急性和主要加强的威胁的决定。这些机械的见解接近回避冲突解决可能会激发生物反馈相关的技术，以优化决策的威胁。至关重要的是，研究结果证明了将内部心理生理状态和外部行动背景纳入接近-回避决策模型的相关性。
Successful responding to acutely threatening situations requires adequate approach–avoidance decisions. However, it is unclear how threat-induced states—like freezing-related bradycardia—impact the weighing of the potential outcomes of such value-based decisions. Insight into the underlying computations is essential, not only to improve our models of decision-making but also to improve interventions for maladaptive decisions, for instance in anxiety patients and first-responders who frequently have to make decisions under acute threat. Forty-two participants made passive and active approach–avoidance decisions under threat-of-shock when confronted with mixed outcome-prospects (i.e., varying money and shock amounts). Choice behavior was best predicted by a model including individual action-tendencies and bradycardia, beyond the subjective value of the outcome. Moreover, threat-related bradycardia (high-vs-low threat) interacted with subjective value, depending on the action-context (passive-vs-active). Specifically, in action-contexts incongruent with participants’ intrinsic action-tendencies, stronger bradycardia related to diminished effects of subjective value on choice across participants. These findings illustrate the relevance of testing approach–avoidance decisions in relatively ecologically valid conditions of acute and primarily reinforced threat. These mechanistic insights into approach–avoidance conflict-resolution may inspire biofeedback-related techniques to optimize decision-making under threat. Critically, the findings demonstrate the relevance of incorporating internal psychophysiological states and external action-contexts into models of approach–avoidance decision-making.
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影响因子：
4.3
作者：
Bach DR
通讯作者：
Bach DR
自然的选择性关注：定向和情感。
影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Bradley MM
通讯作者：
Bradley MM
影响因子：
10.6
作者：
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通讯作者：
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影响因子：
4.1
作者：
Bublatzky, Florian;Alpers, Georg W.;Pittig, Andre
通讯作者：
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影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Azevedo, TM;Volchan, E;Vargas, CD
通讯作者：
Vargas, CD