The functional significance of velocity storage and its dependence on gravity.
The functional significance of velocity storage and its dependence on gravity.
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DOI：
10.1007/s00221-011-2568-4
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发表时间：
2011-05
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
Angelaki, Dora E.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Laurens, Jean;Angelaki, Dora E.
关键词：
在前庭领域的研究已经揭示了一个中央过程的存在，称为“速度存储”，这是由视觉和前庭旋转线索激活，并通过重力修改，但其功能的相关性在自然运动中经常受到质疑。在这篇综述中，我们探讨前庭信息处理的贝叶斯模型的背景下的空间取向。在该框架中，通过中央处理来补偿外围前庭传感器中的缺陷/模糊性，以更准确地估计旋转速度、相对于重力的取向和惯性运动。首先，半规管动力学的逆模型被用来重建旋转速度，通过整合随着时间的推移管信号。然而，它的低频带宽是有限的，以避免积累的噪声在积分器。第二内部模型使用该重建的旋转速度来计算倾斜和惯性加速度的内部估计。该第二内部模型的带宽也在低频处受到限制，以避免噪声累积和倾斜/平移估计器随时间的漂移。因此，低频平移可能被错误地误解为倾斜。这两个积分器（内部模型）的时间常数可以分别概念化为零旋转速度和零线加速度的两个贝叶斯先验。该模型复制了“速度存储”和“频率分离”等经验观察，并解释了空间取向（例如，“躯体重力”）错觉。重要的是，这个网络的功能意义，包括速度存储，发现在短暂的，自然的头部运动，而不是在低频率，它已被传统上研究。
Research in the vestibular field has revealed the existence of a central process, called ‘velocity storage’, that is activated by both visual and vestibular rotation cues and is modified by gravity, but whose functional relevance during natural motion has often been questioned. In this review, we explore spatial orientation in the context of a Bayesian model of vestibular information processing. In this framework, deficiencies/ambiguities in the peripheral vestibular sensors are compensated for by central processing to more accurately estimate rotation velocity, orientation relative to gravity, and inertial motion. First, an inverse model of semicircular canal dynamics is used to reconstruct rotation velocity by integrating canal signals over time. However, its low-frequency bandwidth is limited to avoid accumulation of noise in the integrator. A second internal model uses this reconstructed rotation velocity to compute an internal estimate of tilt and inertial acceleration. The bandwidth of this second internal model is also restricted at low frequencies to avoid noise accumulation and drift of the tilt/translation estimator over time. As a result, low-frequency translation can be erroneously misinterpreted as tilt. The time constants of these two integrators (internal models) can be conceptualized as two Bayesian priors of zero rotation velocity and zero linear acceleration, respectively. The model replicates empirical observations like ‘velocity storage’ and ‘frequency segregation’ and explains spatial orientation (e.g., ‘somatogravic’) illusions. Importantly, the functional significance of this network, including velocity storage, is found during short-lasting, natural head movements, rather than at low frequencies with which it has been traditionally studied.
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