Pediatric Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: Nutritional Origins and Potential Molecular Mechanisms.
Pediatric Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: Nutritional Origins and Potential Molecular Mechanisms.
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儿童非酒精性脂肪肝：营养起源和潜在分子机制。
DOI：
10.3390/nu12103166
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发表时间：
2020-10-16
期刊：
影响因子：
5.9
通讯作者：
Friedman JE
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Mandala A;Janssen RC;Palle S;Short KR;Friedman JE
非酒精性脂肪性肝病（NAFLD）是全球排名第一的慢性肝病，估计影响近40%的肥胖青年和高达10%的一般儿科人群，没有任何明显的体征或症状。虽然NAFLD的早期阶段是可逆的饮食和生活方式的改变，检测这些阶段是由于缺乏风险评估和诊断的非侵入性方法。这种无创诊断方法的缺乏与儿童和青少年儿童NAFLD的长期前瞻性研究的缺乏直接相关。在大多数儿童NAFLD病例中，驱动NAFLD起源和快速进展的机制仍然未知。青年人从NAFLD进展为非酒精性脂肪性肝炎（NASH）与独特的组织学特征和可能的免疫过程和代谢途径相关，这些可能反映了与成人相比不同的机制。最近的数据表明，循环microRNAs（miRNAs）是重要的新的生物标志物的肝损伤的途径。有几个因素可能导致儿童NAFLD的发展，包括高糖饮食，通过表观遗传改变的子宫内暴露，新生儿微生物组的变化以及免疫系统发育和线粒体功能的改变。本文综述了儿童NAFLD的独特方面以及营养暴露如何影响免疫系统，线粒体和肝脏/胃肠道代谢健康。这些因素强调了对NAFLD如何在儿童中发展以及早期阶段特定干预措施的需求。
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the number one chronic liver disease worldwide and is estimated to affect nearly 40% of obese youth and up to 10% of the general pediatric population without any obvious signs or symptoms. Although the early stages of NAFLD are reversible with diet and lifestyle modifications, detecting such stages is hindered by a lack of non-invasive methods of risk assessment and diagnosis. This absence of non-invasive means of diagnosis is directly related to the scarcity of long-term prospective studies of pediatric NAFLD in children and adolescents. In the majority of pediatric NAFLD cases, the mechanisms driving the origin and rapid progression of NAFLD remain unknown. The progression from NAFLD to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) in youth is associated with unique histological features and possible immune processes and metabolic pathways that may reflect different mechanisms compared with adults. Recent data suggest that circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) are important new biomarkers underlying pathways of liver injury. Several factors may contribute to pediatric NAFLD development, including high-sugar diets, in utero exposures via epigenetic alterations, changes in the neonatal microbiome, and altered immune system development and mitochondrial function. This review focuses on the unique aspects of pediatric NAFLD and how nutritional exposures impact the immune system, mitochondria, and liver/gastrointestinal metabolic health. These factors highlight the need for answers to how NAFLD develops in children and for early stage-specific interventions.
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DOI：
10.1152/ajpregu.00049.2014
发表时间：
2014-07-01
期刊：
American journal of physiology. Regulatory, integrative and comparative physiology
影响因子：
--
作者：
Alfaradhi MZ;Fernandez-Twinn DS;Martin-Gronert MS;Musial B;Fowden A;Ozanne SE
通讯作者：
Ozanne SE
影响因子：
17.1
作者：
Arrieta, Marie-Claire;Stiemsma, Leah T.;Finlay, B. Brett
通讯作者：
Finlay, B. Brett
影响因子：
9.8
作者：
Bauer, TM;Steinbrückner, B;Blum, HE
通讯作者：
Blum, HE
影响因子：
6
作者：
Araya, J;Rodrigo, R;Poniachik, J
通讯作者：
Poniachik, J
影响因子：
4.6
作者：
Ahola, Aila J.;Lassenius, Mariann I.;Groop, Per-Henrik
通讯作者：
Groop, Per-Henrik