Delimiting the cryptic diversity and host preferences of Sycophila parasitoid wasps associated with oak galls using phylogenomic data
Delimiting the cryptic diversity and host preferences of Sycophila parasitoid wasps associated with oak galls using phylogenomic data
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使用系统发育数据界定与橡树瘿相关的 Sycophila 寄生蜂的隐秘多样性和宿主偏好
DOI：
10.1111/mec.16582
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发表时间：
2022
影响因子：
4.9
通讯作者：
Davis, Charles
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Zhang, Yuanmeng M.;Sheikh, Sofia I.;Ward, Anna K.;Forbes, Andrew A.;Prior, Kirsten M.;Stone, Graham N.;Gates, Michael W.;Egan, Scott P.;Zhang, Linyi;Davis, Charles
隐种多样性是一个主要的挑战，关于物种丰富的群落的寄生蜂攻击橡树瘿蜂由于高度的性二型性，形态可塑性，小尺寸和知之甚少的生物学。因此，我们对物种的数量知之甚少，也不知道产生这种多样性的进化力量。一种假设是，性状多样性的瘿蜂，包括他们诱导的虫瘿的形态，已经进化到选择所施加的寄生虫社会，互惠选择驱动多样化的寄生虫。使用罕见的大陆规模的数据集Sycophilaparasitoid黄蜂饲养从44种cynipid虫瘿来自18种橡树在美国各地，我们结合线粒体DNA条形码，超保守元素（UCEs），形态和自然历史数据来界定推定的物种。利用这些结果，我们在这个物种丰富的群体中产生了第一个大规模的生态专业化和宿主关联评估，对进化生态学和生物防治产生了影响。我们发现mostSycophilatarget特定子集的可用cynipid宿主虫瘿具有相似的形态，一般攻击较大的虫瘿。我们的研究结果表明，寄生蜂，如Sycophila适应，使他们能够利用特定的主机性状组合，而主机与对比性状是抵抗攻击。这些发现支持了植物-食草动物-寄生虫群落结构的三营养生态位概念。
Cryptic species diversity is a major challenge regarding the species‐rich community of parasitoids attacking oak gall wasps due to a high degree of sexual dimorphism, morphological plasticity, small size and poorly known biology. As such, we know very little about the number of species present, nor the evolutionary forces responsible for generating this diversity. One hypothesis is that trait diversity in the gall wasps, including the morphology of the galls they induce, has evolved in response to selection imposed by the parasitoid community, with reciprocal selection driving diversification of the parasitoids. Using a rare, continental‐scale data set ofSycophilaparasitoid wasps reared from 44 species of cynipid galls from 18 species of oak across the USA, we combined mitochondrial DNA barcodes, ultraconserved elements (UCEs), morphological and natural history data to delimit putative species. Using these results, we generate the first large‐scale assessment of ecological specialization and host association in this species‐rich group, with implications for evolutionary ecology and biocontrol. We find mostSycophilatarget specific subsets of available cynipid host galls with similar morphologies, and generally attack larger galls. Our results suggest that parasitoid wasps such asSycophilahave adaptations allowing them to exploit particular host trait combinations, while hosts with contrasting traits are resistant to attack. These findings support the tritrophic niche concept for the structuring of plant–herbivore–parasitoid communities.
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