Long-Term In Vitro Culture Systems to Study Human Microbiome.
Long-Term In Vitro Culture Systems to Study Human Microbiome.
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DOI：
10.1021/acsbiomaterials.1c01380
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发表时间：
2022-11-14
影响因子：
5.8
通讯作者：
Ghezzi CE
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Adelfio M;Ghezzi CE
微生物群落是与人体动态协同作用的生态系统。这些相互作用中的不平衡可能通过增强炎性病症（例如牙周病或炎性肠病）的发生而引起生态失调。然而，生态良性-生态失调转变背后的机制仍然不清楚，并不断被重新定义。虽然这些疾病的社会影响正在稳步增加，但对炎症性疾病发作背后缺乏明确的认识，阻碍了制定适当的临床策略。尽管临床前和临床模型以及短期平面体外培养代表了极好的研究工具，但它们仍然缺乏人类相关性和长期使用。生物反应器和芯片上器官已经引起了人们的兴趣，因为它们能够重建和维持天然环境的物理，结构和机械特征，以及通过调节pH和氧气梯度来支持哺乳动物细胞和微生物组的长期共培养。然而，现有的装置仍在开发中，以在长时间内维持微生物组-宿主共培养。在这种情况下，为了了解疾病的触发因素并开发治疗方法，研究工作应该指挥三维结构的开发，这将允许调查微生物群落组装的过程，以及微生物如何影响急性和慢性条件下的宿主性状。系统研究人类微生物组的当前实验模型概述。部分由BioRender.com创建。
Microbial communities are eubiotic ecosystems that interact dynamically and synergistically with the human body. Imbalances in these interactions may cause dysbiosis by enhancing the occurrence of inflammatory conditions, such as periodontal or inflammatory bowel diseases. However, the mechanisms that lie behind eubiosis-dysbiosis transitions are still unclear and constantly being redefined. While the societal impact of these diseases is steadily increasing, the lack of a clear understanding behind the onset of the inflammatory conditions prevents the proper clinical strategies from being formulated. Although preclinical and clinical models, and short-term planar in vitro cultures represent superb research tools, they are still lacking human relevance and long-term use. Bioreactors and organ-on-a-chips have attracted interest because of their ability to recreate and sustain the physical, structural, and mechanical features of the native environment, as well as to support long-term co-culture of mammalian cells and the microbiome through modulation of pH and oxygen gradients. Existing devices, however, are still under development to sustain microbiome-host co-culture over long period of time. In this scenario, to understand disease triggers and develop therapeutics, research efforts should command the development of three-dimensional constructs that would allow the investigation of processes underlying microbial community assembly, and how microorganisms influence host traits in both acute and chronic conditions. Overview of current experimental models to systematically study the human microbiome. Partially created with BioRender.com.
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DOI：
10.1038/nrmicro2873
发表时间：
2012-10
期刊：
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影响因子：
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影响因子：
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