Chromosomes and cancer cells.

Chromosomes and cancer cells.
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DOI:
10.1007/s10577-010-9179-y
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发表时间:
2011-04
影响因子:
2.6
通讯作者:
Compton, Duane A.
Compton, Duane A.
中科院分区:
生物学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Thompson, Sarah L.;Compton, Duane A.

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癌细胞的两个显著特征是染色体数目异常(非整倍体)和大规模的染色体结构重排。这些染色体异常是由大多数癌症固有的基因组不稳定性引起的。非整倍体是由于整个染色体的持续丢失和获得而引起的染色体不稳定(CIN)。染色体重排是由于DNA损伤修复不当而导致的染色体结构不稳定(CSI)。导致CIN和CSI的机制不同,但非整倍体和染色体重排的表型后果可能有相当大的重叠。CIN和CSI都与侵袭性和化疗耐药性增加的晚期肿瘤有关,这表明靶向抑制这些不稳定性可能会减缓肿瘤的生长。在这里,我们回顾了最近定义CIN和CSI的机制和后果的研究。
Two prominent features of cancer cells are abnormal numbers of chromosomes (aneuploidy) and large-scale structural rearrangements of chromosomes. These chromosome aberrations are caused by genomic instabilities inherent to most cancers. Aneuploidy arises through chromosomal instability (CIN) by the persistent loss and gain of whole chromosomes. Chromosomal rearrangements occur through chromosome structure instability (CSI) as a consequence of improper repair of DNA damage. The mechanisms that cause CIN and CSI differ, but the phenotypic consequences of aneuploidy and chromosomal rearrangements may overlap considerably. Both CIN and CSI are associated with advanced stage tumors with increased invasiveness and resistance to chemotherapy, indicating that targeted inhibition of these instabilities might slow tumor growth. Here, we review recent efforts that define the mechanisms and consequences of CIN and CSI.
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