Inpatient Rehabilitation Outcomes After Severe COVID-19 Infections: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to describe the characteristics and functional outcomes of patients undergoing acute inpatient rehabilitation after hospitalization for COVID-19.DESIGN: Using a retrospective chart review, patients were identified who were admitted to inpatient rehabilitation after COVID-19. Patient information collected included sociodemographic characteristics, comorbidities, length of stay, discharge disposition, self-care, mobility, and cognitive functioning. These patients were compared with patients (controls) without COVID-19 with similar impairment codes treated at the same facility before the COVID-19 pandemic.RESULTS: There were 43 patients who were admitted to the inpatient rehabilitation hospital after COVID-19 infection and 247 controls. Patients who had COVID-19 were significantly more likely to be African American and to have been admitted to a long-term acute care hospital. They also had a longer length of rehabilitation stay. The groups did not differ by age, sex, or insurance. Functionally, although presenting with significantly worse mobility, self-care, and motor scores, the patients previously infected with COVID-19 had similar functional outcomes at time of discharge to the control group.CONCLUSIONS: Although patients with a history of COVID-19 had worse function at time of admission to acute rehabilitation, inpatient rehabilitation significantly improved their function to comparable levels as patients who did not have COVID-19.TO CLAIM CME CREDITS: Complete the self-assessment activity and evaluation online at http://www.physiatry.org/JournalCME.CME OBJECTIVES: Upon completion of this article, the reader should be able to: (1) Identify how characteristics of patients with COVID-19 admitted to acute rehabilitation differ from those with similar admission codes but without COVID-19; (2) Describe changes in functional measures at admission and discharge of COVID-19 patients compared with patients without COVID-19; and (3) Recognize how inpatient rehabilitation may help reduce inequities in outcomes after severe COVID-19 infection.LEVEL: Advanced.ACCREDITATION: The Association of Academic Physiatrists is accredited by the Accreditation Council for Continuing Medical Education to provide continuing medical education for physicians.The Association of Academic Physiatrists designates this Journal-based CME activity for a maximum of 1.0 AMA PRA Category 1 Credit(s). Physicians should only claim credit commensurate with the extent of their participation in the activity.

目的：本研究旨在描述因新冠肺炎住院后接受急性住院康复治疗的患者的特征和功能结局。 设计：通过回顾性病历审查，确定新冠肺炎后入住住院康复病房的患者。收集的患者信息包括社会人口统计学特征、合并症、住院时间、出院去向、自我护理能力、活动能力和认知功能。将这些患者与在新冠肺炎大流行前在同一机构接受治疗的、具有相似损伤编码且无新冠肺炎的患者（对照组）进行比较。 结果：有43例患者在新冠肺炎感染后入住住院康复医院，另有247例对照组患者。感染新冠肺炎的患者更有可能是非洲裔美国人，且更有可能曾入住长期急性护理医院。他们的康复住院时间也更长。两组在年龄、性别或保险方面没有差异。在功能方面，尽管之前感染新冠肺炎的患者在活动能力、自我护理能力和运动评分方面明显更差，但在出院时其功能结局与对照组相似。 结论：尽管有新冠肺炎病史的患者在进入急性康复治疗时功能较差，但住院康复治疗显著改善了他们的功能，使其达到与未感染新冠肺炎的患者相当的水平。 获取继续医学教育学分：在http://www.physiatry.org/JournalCME在线完成自我评估活动和评价。继续医学教育目标：阅读本文后，读者应能够：（1）确定入住急性康复病房的新冠肺炎患者的特征与具有相似入院编码但无新冠肺炎的患者有何不同；（2）描述新冠肺炎患者与无新冠肺炎患者在入院和出院时功能指标的变化；（3）认识到住院康复治疗如何有助于减少严重新冠肺炎感染后结局的不平等。 级别：高级。 认证：学术物理医学与康复医师协会获得继续医学教育认证委员会的认证，可为医师提供继续医学教育。学术物理医学与康复医师协会指定这项基于期刊的继续医学教育活动最多可获得1.0个美国医学协会医师认可奖第1类学分。医师应仅根据其参与活动的程度申报相应学分。