Structure of Erm-modified 70S ribosome reveals the mechanism of macrolide resistance.

Structure of Erm-modified 70S ribosome reveals the mechanism of macrolide resistance.
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DOI:
10.1038/s41589-020-00715-0
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发表时间:
2021-04
影响因子:
14.8
通讯作者:
Polikanov YS
Polikanov YS
中科院分区:
生物学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Svetlov MS;Syroegin EA;Aleksandrova EV;Atkinson GC;Gregory ST;Mankin AS;Polikanov YS

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许多抗生素通过与核糖体结合并干扰蛋白质生物合成来抑制细菌生长。大环内酯类是最成功的核糖体靶向抗生素之一。对大环内酯类耐药的主要临床相关机制是位于药物结合位点的23 S rRNA核苷酸A2058的二甲基化,这是Erm型rRNA甲基转移酶催化的反应。在这里,我们提出的Erm-二甲基化的70 S核糖体的晶体结构在2.4nm分辨率与未甲基化的70 S核糖体功能复合物的结构单独和与大环内酯类化合物的组合。总之,我们的结构数据不支持以前的模型,相反,提出了一个主要的新的解释如何A2058-二甲基化赋予大环内酯类耐药性。此外,结合到未修饰的核糖体的两个大环内酯类抗生素的高分辨率结构揭示了以前未知的desosamine部分在药物结合中的作用,为基于知识的大环内酯类抗生素的合理设计奠定了基础,可以克服Erm介导的耐药性。
Many antibiotics inhibit bacterial growth by binding to the ribosome and interfering with protein biosynthesis. Macrolides represent one of the most successful classes of ribosome-targeting antibiotics. The main clinically-relevant mechanism of resistance to macrolides is dimethylation of the 23S rRNA nucleotide A2058 located in the drug binding site, a reaction catalyzed by the Erm-type rRNA-methyltransferases. Here, we present the crystal structure of the Erm-dimethylated 70S ribosome at 2.4Å resolution together with the structures of unmethylated 70S ribosome functional complexes alone and in combination with macrolides. Altogether, our structural data do not support the previous models and, instead, suggest a principally new explanation of how A2058-dimethylation confers resistance to macrolides. Moreover, high-resolution structures of two macrolide antibiotics bound to the unmodified ribosome revealed a previously unknown role of desosamine moiety in drug binding, laying a foundation for the rational knowledge-based design of macrolides that can overcome Erm-mediated resistance.
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