Hydrologic Connectivity in the High-Elevation Tropics: Heterogeneous Responses to Land Change

Hydrologic Connectivity in the High-Elevation Tropics: Heterogeneous Responses to Land Change
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高海拔热带地区的水文连通性:对土地变化的异质响应

DOI:
10.1093/biosci/bit013
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发表时间:
2013
期刊:
影响因子:
10.1
通讯作者:
Young, Kenneth R.
Young, Kenneth R.
中科院分区:
生物学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Ponette-González, Alexandra G.;Marín-Spiotta, Erika;Brauman, Kate A.;Farley, Kathleen A.;Weathers, Kathleen C.;Young, Kenneth R.

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在高海拔潮湿的热带地区,人类和气候驱动的陆地过渡可以改变大气和地表水之间的水文联系,对当地和下游产生影响。我们进行了数据综合,以考察退耕还林、退耕还林、非林地人工林建设以及最近冰川消退对拉丁美洲(包括加勒比海)和夏威夷山区穿透雨、蒸散、径流和硝酸盐通量的影响。我们的综合揭示了对土地变化的不同--有时是意想不到的--反应。例如,与温带高地相比,高海拔热带地区的森林退耕还草往往导致径流增加很少,河水硝酸盐损失也较少。植树造林的建立导致径流减少;这种影响的幅度是森林向草原过渡的十倍。我们重点介绍了从温带生态系统衍生的土地利用、土地覆盖和水的关系不适用于高海拔热带地区的流域管理计划,因此不应该成为其基础的情况。
In the high-elevation humid tropics, human- and climate-driven land transitions can alter hydrologic connections between the atmosphere and surface waters, with local and downstream effects. We conducted a data synthesis to examine the influence of forest-to-grassland conversion, agroforest-to-nonforest conversion, tree plantation establishment on nonforest land, and recent glacier retreat on throughfall, evapotranspiration, runoff, and nitrate fluxes in montane Latin America (including the Caribbean) and Hawaii. Our synthesis reveals heterogeneous—sometimes unexpected—responses to land change. For example, in contrast with temperate highlands, forest-to-grassland conversion in the high-elevation tropics often results in little runoff increase and lower streamwater nitrate loss. Tree plantation establishment leads to diminished runoff; the magnitude of this effect is tenfold greater than with forest-to-grassland transitions. We highlight cases in which land use, land cover, and water relationships derived from temperate ecosystems do not apply to and, therefore, should not underpin watershed management programs in the high-elevation tropics.
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