Quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM): Decoding MRI data for a tissue magnetic biomarker.
Quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM): Decoding MRI data for a tissue magnetic biomarker.
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DOI：
10.1002/mrm.25358
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发表时间：
2015-01
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Liu, Tian
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Wang, Yi;Liu, Tian
关键词：
在MRI中，主磁场使分子的电子云极化，从而为分子内的观察者质子产生化学位移，并为分子外的观察者质子产生磁化率不均匀场。用于检测磁化率的分子周围的水质子数远远大于用于检测化学位移的分子内的质子数。然而，组织磁化率的研究受到迄今为止使用的基于MRI信号相位和T2* 对比度的方法的分子特异性差的阻碍，这些方法复杂地依赖于周围的磁化率源。MRI信号相位的去卷积可以确定组织敏感性，但受到背景中缺乏MRI信号和偶极核中的零点的挑战。最近，已经开发了物理上有意义的规则化，包括贝叶斯方法，以实现准确的定量敏感性映射（QSM），用于研究铁分布、代谢耗氧量、血液降解、钙化、脱髓鞘和其他病理生理敏感性变化，以及MRI中的造影剂生物分布。本文试图总结QSM的基本物理概念和基本算法步骤，描述积极发展中的临床和技术问题，并为对QSM感兴趣的读者提供参考、代码和测试数据。Magn Reson Med 73：82-101，2015年。© 2014作者。医学中的磁共振由Wiley Periodicals，Inc.出版。代表国际共振医学会这是一个开放获取的文章，根据知识共享署名许可证的条款，允许在任何媒体上使用，分发和复制，前提是原始作品被正确引用。
In MRI, the main magnetic field polarizes the electron cloud of a molecule, generating a chemical shift for observer protons within the molecule and a magnetic susceptibility inhomogeneity field for observer protons outside the molecule. The number of water protons surrounding a molecule for detecting its magnetic susceptibility is vastly greater than the number of protons within the molecule for detecting its chemical shift. However, the study of tissue magnetic susceptibility has been hindered by poor molecular specificities of hitherto used methods based on MRI signal phase and T2* contrast, which depend convolutedly on surrounding susceptibility sources. Deconvolution of the MRI signal phase can determine tissue susceptibility but is challenged by the lack of MRI signal in the background and by the zeroes in the dipole kernel. Recently, physically meaningful regularizations, including the Bayesian approach, have been developed to enable accurate quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) for studying iron distribution, metabolic oxygen consumption, blood degradation, calcification, demyelination, and other pathophysiological susceptibility changes, as well as contrast agent biodistribution in MRI. This paper attempts to summarize the basic physical concepts and essential algorithmic steps in QSM, to describe clinical and technical issues under active development, and to provide references, codes, and testing data for readers interested in QSM. Magn Reson Med 73:82–101, 2015. © 2014 The Authors. Magnetic Resonance in Medicine Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of International Society of Medicine in Resonance. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
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影响因子：
3.3
作者：
Bowen, CV;Zhang, XW;Rutt, BK
通讯作者：
Rutt, BK
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Nestor PJ
影响因子：
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作者：
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PELC, NJ
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
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