Non-destructive ZooMS identification reveals strategic bone tool raw material selection by Neandertals

Non-destructive ZooMS identification reveals strategic bone tool raw material selection by Neandertals
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无损 ZoomMS 鉴定揭示了尼安德特人战略性骨工具原材料选择

DOI:
10.1038/s41598-020-64358-w
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发表时间:
2020
期刊:
影响因子:
4.6
通讯作者:
Steele, Teresa E.
Steele, Teresa E.
中科院分区:
综合性期刊3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Martisius, Naomi L.;Welker, Frido;Dogandžić, Tamara;Grote, Mark N.;Rendu, William;Sinet-Mathiot, Virginie;Wilcke, Arndt;McPherron, Shannon J.;Soressi, Marie;Steele, Teresa E.

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在法国西南部的两处旧石器时代中期遗址中,发现了五件几乎相同的特制骨器碎片,它们被解释为lissoir(法语中“光滑”的意思)。这些发现跨越了三个独立的考古沉积物,表明尼安德特人晚期的行为是连续的。使用标准的形态评估,我们确定这些组织是在中型有蹄类的肋骨上产生的。然而,由于这些骨骼高度碎片化和人为修改,物种确定是具有挑战性的。此外,保守的管理政策建议,对于分子鉴定方法,尽量减少对稀有、易碎或小型人工制品的破坏性采样。为了更好地了解这些胶原蛋白的原材料选择,我们使用基于摩擦电捕获胶原蛋白的非破坏性变焦方法重新评估了它们的分类。我们采样了四个储存容器,获得了可识别的MALDI-TOF MS胶原指纹,所有指纹都表明相同的分类支系,包括Aurochs和bison(Bossp.和Bisonsp.)。第五个样品储存在塑料袋中,没有提供有用的MALDI-TOF/MS光谱。我们表明,在驯鹿(Rangifer Tarandus)占主导地位的考古层中选择大型牛肋骨表明了这些尼安德特人的战略选择。此外,我们的结果强调了一种有前景的骨伪影非破坏性分析技术的价值。
Five nearly identical fragments of specialized bone tools, interpreted aslissoirs(French for “smoothers”), have been found at two Middle Paleolithic sites in southwest France. The finds span three separate archaeological deposits, suggesting continuity in the behavior of late Neandertals. Using standard morphological assessments, we determined that thelissoirswere produced on ribs of medium-sized ungulates. However, since these bones are highly fragmented and anthropogenically modified, species determinations were challenging. Also, conservative curation policy recommends minimizing destructive sampling of rare, fragile, or small artifacts for molecular identification methods. To better understand raw material selection for these fivelissoirs, we reassess their taxonomy using a non-destructive ZooMS methodology based on triboelectric capture of collagen. We sampled four storage containers and obtained identifiable MALDI-TOF MS collagen fingerprints, all indicative of the same taxonomic clade, which includes aurochs and bison (Bossp. andBisonsp.). The fifth specimen, which was stored in a plastic bag, provided no useful MALDI-TOF MS spectra. We show that the choice of large bovid ribs in an archaeological layer dominated by reindeer (Rangifer tarandus) demonstrates strategic selection by these Neandertals. Furthermore, our results highlight the value of a promising technique for the non-destructive analysis of bone artifacts.
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