Rhabdoviruses in two species of Drosophila: vertical transmission and a recent sweep.
Rhabdoviruses in two species of Drosophila: vertical transmission and a recent sweep.
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DOI：
10.1534/genetics.111.127696
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发表时间：
2011-05
期刊：
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Jiggins FM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Longdon B;Wilfert L;Obbard DJ;Jiggins FM
昆虫是多种垂直传播微生物的宿主，但尽管它们的细菌共生体得到了充分的研究，但对它们的垂直传播病毒知之甚少。我们发现最近在亲缘果蝇和暗箱果蝇中发现的两种sigma病毒（横纹肌病毒科）都是垂直传播的。就像黑腹果蝇的sigma病毒一样，我们发现雄性和雌性都可以将这些病毒传播给它们的后代。雄性通过精子传播的病毒滴度低于雌性通过卵子传播的病毒滴度，其后代被感染的比例也较低。在英国的暗箱夜蛾自然种群中，我们发现39%的苍蝇被感染，并且病毒种群显示出近期扩张的明显证据，具有极低的遗传多样性和大量过剩的罕见多态性。利用序列数据，我们估计该病毒在过去~ 11年内席卷了整个英国，在此期间，病毒种群规模大约每9个月翻一番。利用基于我们实验室对传播率估计的模拟，我们表明，双亲代传播模式允许病毒侵入并在种群中迅速传播，其速度与实地测量的速度一致。因此，正如我们的模拟预测的那样，病毒在最近经历了极其迅速的种群规模增长。根据这项研究和早期对黑腹扁蝽相关病毒的研究，我们得出结论，垂直传播的横纹肌病毒可能在昆虫中很常见，并且这些宿主-寄生虫的相互作用可能是高度动态的。
Insects are host to a diverse range of vertically transmitted micro-organisms, but while their bacterial symbionts are well-studied, little is known about their vertically transmitted viruses. We have found that two sigma viruses (Rhabdoviridae) recently discovered in Drosophila affinis and Drosophila obscura are both vertically transmitted. As is the case for the sigma virus of Drosophila melanogaster, we find that both males and females can transmit these viruses to their offspring. Males transmit lower viral titers through sperm than females transmit through eggs, and a lower proportion of their offspring become infected. In natural populations of D. obscura in the United Kingdom, we found that 39% of flies were infected and that the viral population shows clear evidence of a recent expansion, with extremely low genetic diversity and a large excess of rare polymorphisms. Using sequence data we estimate that the virus has swept across the United Kingdom within the past ∼11 years, during which time the viral population size doubled approximately every 9 months. Using simulations based on our lab estimates of transmission rates, we show that the biparental mode of transmission allows the virus to invade and rapidly spread through populations at rates consistent with those measured in the field. Therefore, as predicted by our simulations, the virus has undergone an extremely rapid and recent increase in population size. In light of this and earlier studies of a related virus in D. melanogaster, we conclude that vertically transmitted rhabdoviruses may be common in insects and that these host–parasite interactions can be highly dynamic.
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影响因子：
9.8
作者：
Hornett EA;Charlat S;Duplouy AM;Davies N;Roderick GK;Wedell N;Hurst GD
通讯作者：
Hurst GD
影响因子：
1.5
作者：
FLEURIET, A;PERIQUET, G;ANXOLABEHERE, D
通讯作者：
ANXOLABEHERE, D
影响因子：
3.4
作者：
Bao, SN;Kitajima, EW;Dallai, R
通讯作者：
Dallai, R
影响因子：
3.4
作者：
DEGRUGILLIER, ME;DEGRUGILLIER, SS;JACKSON, JJ
通讯作者：
JACKSON, JJ
影响因子：
5.4
作者：
FLEURIET, A;SPERLICH, D
通讯作者：
SPERLICH, D