REM sleep and safety signal learning in posttraumatic stress disorder: A preliminary study in military veterans.
REM sleep and safety signal learning in posttraumatic stress disorder: A preliminary study in military veterans.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.ynstr.2018.07.001
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发表时间：
2018-11
影响因子：
5
通讯作者：
Drummond SPA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Straus LD;Norman SB;Risbrough VB;Acheson DT;Drummond SPA
创伤后应激障碍(PTSD)与许多负面的身心健康后果有关。恐惧条件反射在创伤后应激障碍中起着重要的作用，创伤后应激障碍患者在安全信号学习方面也表现出缺陷。睡眠，特别是快速眼动睡眠，与改善动物模型和健康人类的安全学习和灭绝过程有关。在临床人群中，还没有研究检查快速眼动睡眠与安全信号学习或消退记忆之间的联系。这项研究考察了患有创伤后应激障碍的退伍军人的快速眼动睡眠、安全信号学习和消退过程之间的关系(n = 13)。通过多导睡眠图(PSG)在实验室中对患者的夜间睡眠进行表征。第二天，参与者经历了恐惧条件反射范式，在此过程中，他们对视觉线索产生了恐惧。这次测试还包括一个视觉提示，它变成了一个安全信号(CS-)。训练结束后，对退伍军人的睡眠情况进行整夜监测，然后进行消退训练。在第三个晚上的睡眠后，测试了灭绝回忆和安全回忆。双变量相关检验了安全信号学习的斜率与随后的快速眼动睡眠之间的关系，以及快速眼动睡眠与随后的消退回忆和最后一天的安全回忆之间的关系。退伍军人在测试的第一天就学会了区分CS+和CS-。在测试第一天接受安全学习更快的退伍军人显示出当晚更有效的快速眼动睡眠(r = .607，p = .028)。在测试的第二天，患者成功地进行了灭绝学习。在研究的最后一晚，快速眼动睡眠百分比较高的患者在最后一天测试的早期表现出更多的安全回忆(r = .688，p = .009)。据我们所知，这是第一次研究客观睡眠和患有创伤后应激障碍的退伍军人惊恐表现之间的关系。研究方法被参与者接受，支持实验设计的可行性。结果表明，快速眼动睡眠与最初的安全学习和随后的安全回忆有关。结合以前对健康对照的研究，这些初步结果提供了更多的证据表明，REM睡眠可能在维持创伤后应激障碍中发挥机械作用，从而确定了在治疗创伤后应激障碍的靶点的可改变的生物学过程。这些发现应该在更大的样本中重复。
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) is associated with a number of negative physical and mental health consequences. Fear conditioning plays an important mechanistic role in PTSD, and PTSD patients also show deficits in safety signal learning. Sleep, particularly REM sleep, is linked to improved safety learning and extinction processes in animal models and healthy humans. No studies have examined the link between REM sleep and safety signal learning or extinction memory in clinical populations. This study examined the relationship between REM sleep, safety signal learning, and extinction processes in veterans with PTSD (n = 13). Patients' overnight sleep was characterized in the laboratory via polysomnography (PSG). The next day, participants underwent a fear conditioning paradigm during which they acquired fear toward a visual cue. This testing session also included a visual cue that became a safety signal (CS-). Following conditioning, the veterans' sleep was monitored overnight again, after which they underwent extinction training. Following a third night of sleep, extinction recall and safety recall were tested. Bivariate correlations examined the relationship between the slope of safety signal learning and subsequent REM sleep, as well as the relationship between REM sleep and subsequent extinction recall and safety recall on the last day of testing. Veterans learned to differentiate the CS+ and the CS- on the first day of testing. Veterans who underwent safety learning more quickly on the first day of testing showed more efficient REM sleep that night (r = .607, p = .028). On the second day of testing, the patients successfully underwent extinction learning. Patients with a higher percentage of REM sleep on the last night of the study showed more safety recall early on the last day of testing (r = .688, p = .009). To our knowledge, this was the first study to examine the relationship between objective sleep and fear-potentiated startle performance in veterans with PTSD. Study methods were well tolerated by participants, supporting feasibility of the experimental design. Results indicated REM sleep was associated with both initial safety learning and subsequent safety recall. Taken together with previous studies in healthy controls, these preliminary results provide additional evidence suggesting REM sleep could play a mechanistic role in the maintenance of PTSD and thus identify a modifiable biological process to target in treatment of PTSD. These findings should be replicated in larger samples.
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影响因子：
4.7
作者：
Jovanovic T;Kazama A;Bachevalier J;Davis M
通讯作者：
Davis M
DOI：
10.1523/jneurosci.5525-12.2013
发表时间：
2013-03-06
期刊：
The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience
影响因子：
--
作者：
Datta S;O'Malley MW
通讯作者：
O'Malley MW
影响因子：
4.8
作者：
Bastien, Celyne H.;Vallieres, Annie;Morin, Charles M.
通讯作者：
Morin, Charles M.
影响因子：
10.3
作者：
Germain, A;Hall, M;Buysse, DJ
通讯作者：
Buysse, DJ
影响因子：
4.7
作者：
Acheson DT;Gresack JE;Risbrough VB
通讯作者：
Risbrough VB