Epigenetics: Recent Advances and Its Role in the Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease.

Epigenetics: Recent Advances and Its Role in the Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease.
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表观遗传学:最新进展及其在阿尔茨海默病治疗中的作用

DOI:
10.3389/fneur.2020.538301
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发表时间:
2020
影响因子:
3.4
通讯作者:
Jiao B
Jiao B
中科院分区:
医学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Xiao X;Liu X;Jiao B

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目的:综述阿尔茨海默病(AD)的表观遗传学研究进展,为AD的治疗提供策略。方法:我们在PubMed上检索了以下关键词:“遗传学”、“表观遗传学”、“阿尔茨海默病”、“DNA甲基化”、“DNA羟甲基化”、“组蛋白修饰”、“非编码RNA”和“治疗策略”。结果:在这篇综述中,我们综述了阿尔茨海默病表观遗传学的最新研究,包括DNA甲基化/羟甲基化、组蛋白修饰和非编码RNA。阿尔茨海默病的整体DNA甲基化/羟甲基化没有一致的结果。表观遗传学全基因组关联研究表明,AD中存在许多差异甲基化位点。一些研究探讨了组蛋白修饰在AD中的作用;例如,组蛋白乙酰化减少,而H3磷酸化在AD中显著增加。此外,非编码RNA,如microRNA-16和BACE1-反义转录本(BACE1-AS),与AD的病理相关。这些表观遗传学变化为我们提供了对AD发病机制的新见解,并可能成为AD的潜在治疗策略。结论:表观遗传学与AD的发病机制有关,包括DNA甲基化/羟甲基化、组蛋白修饰和非编码RNA,这些都为AD提供了潜在的治疗策略。
Objective: This review summarizes recent findings on the epigenetics of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and provides therapeutic strategies for AD. Methods: We searched the following keywords: “genetics,” “epigenetics,” “Alzheimer's disease,” “DNA methylation,” “DNA hydroxymethylation,” “histone modifications,” “non-coding RNAs,” and “therapeutic strategies” in PubMed. Results: In this review, we summarizes recent studies of epigenetics in AD, including DNA methylation/hydroxymethylation, histone modifications, and non-coding RNAs. There are no consistent results of global DNA methylation/hydroxymethylation in AD. Epigenetic genome-wide association studies show that many differentially methylated sites exist in AD. Several studies investigate the role of histone modifications in AD; for example, histone acetylation decreases, whereas H3 phosphorylation increases significantly in AD. In addition, non-coding RNAs, such as microRNA-16 and BACE1-antisense transcript (BACE1-AS), are associated with the pathology of AD. These epigenetic changes provide us with novel insights into the pathogenesis of AD and may be potential therapeutic strategies for AD. Conclusion: Epigenetics is associated with the pathogenesis of AD, including DNA methylation/hydroxymethylation, histone modifications, and non-coding RNAs, which provide potential therapeutic strategies for AD.
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