Neuroendocrine Significance of Vasoactive Intestinal Polypeptide a
Neuroendocrine Significance of Vasoactive Intestinal Polypeptide a
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血管活性肠多肽a的神经内分泌意义
DOI：
--
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发表时间：
1988
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
S. Reichlin
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
S. Reichlin
本文报道和文献中提供的新数据表明，应激状态下催乳素的急性释放可能是由漏斗节侧脑室旁细胞产生的VIP和PHI分泌介导的，这种分泌受5-羟色胺能控制，可能是通过中缝核向下丘脑投射的方式。对哺乳反应的急性PRL反应仅部分受VIP/PHI控制，可能由一种未知的神经叶激素调节。除了调节PRL的下丘脑部分外，在垂体内还有一个明确的VIP细胞群，这是唯一已知的VIP在神经细胞外表达的例子。这群VIP细胞对甲状腺状态反应灵敏，与促甲状腺细胞一样，也被甲状腺功能减退激活。由于VIP在甲状腺功能减退的垂体部的分泌增加，而TRH刺激VIP的释放，因此有理由推测旁分泌VIP的分泌可能在甲状腺功能减退的人的高催乳素血症中起作用，尽管在没有表现出高催乳素血症的大鼠中显然不是这样。VIP/PHI在人类垂体疾病中的作用尚不清楚。我们一直无法使用标准方法制备的组织来识别任何含有免疫反应物质的肿瘤。可能是VIP/PHI的显示要求更高，需要更好的染色技术。漏斗结节VIP高分泌的作用仍有待确定，但人类应激诱导PRL高分泌的证据鼓励我们相信，至少在某些情况下，可能是由于下丘脑过度活动所致。VIP的其他潜在神经内分泌作用包括对卵巢和甲状腺的分泌运动控制，以及对生长抑素的分泌和合成的调节。在分散的细胞培养中(但不是在成年动物的整个下丘脑切片中)，VIP刺激生长抑素的分泌并独立地刺激生长抑素mRNA的形成，这种作用可以在混合培养中通过使用受体后cAMP刺激剂forsklin来复制。在Montminy和他的同事进行的工作中，cAMP的作用已经被证明是通过形成一种似乎通过与特定基因序列相互作用来激活生长抑素基因启动子的可溶性蛋白来介导的。
The new data reported here, and available in the literature, are interpreted to indicate that acute release of PRL in stress is probably mediated by secretion of VIP and PHI arising from a subpopulation of paraventricular cells in the tuberoinfundibular system, and that this secretion is under serotonergic control, presumably by way of the raphe nuclear projection to the hypothalamus. The acute PRL response to suckling response is only partially under VIP/PHI control, and may be regulated by an as yet unidentified neural lobe hormone. In addition to the hypothalamic component of PRL regulation, there is a well-defined population of VIP cells within the pituitary, representing the only known example of VIP expression outside of nerve cells. This population of VIP cells is exquisitely responsive to thyroid status, and in common with the thyrotrope cell, is activated by hypothyroidism. Since VIP secretion is enhanced in the hypothyroid pituitary, and VIP release is stimulated by TRH, it is reasonable to postulate that paracrine VIP secretion may play a role in the reasonable to postulate that paracrine VIP secretion may play a role in the hyperprolactinemia prolactinemia that occurs in the hypothyroid human, although this is clearly not the case for the rat in whom hyperprolactinemia was not demonstrable. The role of VIP/PHI in human pituitary disease is unknown. We have been unable to identify any tumors that contain immunoreactive material using tissues prepared by standard methods. It may be that the demonstration of VIP/PHI is more demanding and will require better techniques for staining. The role of tuberoinfundibular VIP hypersecretion remains to be established but the evidence for stress-induced PRL hypersecretion in man encourages us to believe that at least some cases may be due to excessive hypothalamic activity. Additional potential neuroendocrine actions of VIP are in the secretomotor control of the ovary and thyroid, and in the regulation of somatostatin secretion and synthesis. In dispersed cell cultures (but not in whole hypothalamic slices from adult animals), VIP stimulates somatostatin secretion and independently stimulates the formation of somatostatin mRNA, an effect that can be duplicated in mixed cultures by treatment with forskolin, a postreceptor cAMP stimulator. In work carried out by Montminy and colleagues, the cAMP action has shown to be mediated by formation of a soluble protein that appears to activate the somatostatin gene promotor through interaction with a specific gene sequence.
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.83.18.6682
发表时间：
1986-09-01
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
MONTMINY, MR;SEVARINO, KA;GOODMAN, RH
通讯作者：
GOODMAN, RH
血管活性肠肽诱导培养的大鼠卵巢颗粒细胞中胆固醇侧链裂解酶复合物的合成。
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.83.19.7490
发表时间：
1986
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
Trzeciak,WH;Ahmed,CE;Simpson,ER;Ojeda,SR
通讯作者：
Ojeda,SR
影响因子：
4.1
作者：
SWANSON, LW;SAWCHENKO, PE;VALE, WW
通讯作者：
VALE, WW
血管活性肠肽是大鼠催乳素释放的生理介质。
影响因子：
4.8
作者：
Abe,H;Engler,D;Molitch,ME;Bollinger-Gruber,J;Reichlin,S
通讯作者：
Reichlin,S
影响因子：
4.8
作者：
M. Lumpkin;W. Samson;S. Mccann
通讯作者：
M. Lumpkin;W. Samson;S. Mccann