Acentrosomal spindle assembly and chromosome segregation during oocyte meiosis.

Acentrosomal spindle assembly and chromosome segregation during oocyte meiosis.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.tcb.2012.02.007
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发表时间:
2012-05
影响因子:
19
通讯作者:
Desai A
Desai A
中科院分区:
生物学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Dumont J;Desai A

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在大多数真核生物中,繁殖的能力依赖于称为配子的特殊细胞。配子是由减数分裂过程形成的,在减数分裂过程中,经过一轮复制,两次连续的细胞分裂降低了基因组的倍性。受精时配子融合构成二倍体。在大多数动物中,在雌性减数分裂过程中,染色体分离发生在纺锤体上,而纺锤体是在缺少主要的微管组织中心-中心体的情况下组装的。在哺乳动物中,卵母细胞减数分裂容易出错,是大多数出生时非整倍体的基础。本文综述了近年来在不同动物模型中卵母细胞减数分裂过程中无着丝体纺锤体的形成和染色体对齐/分离的研究进展。
The ability to reproduce relies in most eukaryotes on specialized cells called gametes. Gametes are formed by the process of meiosis in which, after a single round of replication, two successive cell divisions reduce the ploidy of the genome. Fusion of gametes at fertilization reconstitutes diploidy. In most animal species, chromosome segregation during female meiosis occurs on spindles assembled in the absence of the major microtubule-organizing center, the centrosome. In mammals, oocyte meiosis is error-prone and underlies the majority of birth aneuploidies. Here, we review recent work on acentrosomal spindle formation and chromosome alignment/separation during oocyte meiosis in different animal models.
Xorbit/clasp将动态微管连接到爪蟾减少纺锤体中的染色体。
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