Light Therapy and Psychiatry
Light Therapy and Psychiatry
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光疗法和精神病学
DOI：
10.3181/00379727-183-42380a
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发表时间：
1986
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
R. Sack
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
A. Lewy;R. Sack
昼夜节律（24小时）由内源性起搏器驱动。在没有外部时间线索（Zeitgebers）的恒定条件下，起搏器及其驱动的节律在接近但不精确的内在周期24小时内“自由运行”（1）。2 - 4小时的精确度主要是通过与2 - 4小时明暗周期的同步或同步来实现的，这是通过暴露于光而导致的每日相移（一天中较早或较晚时间的偏移）来实现的（2-4）。这些相移的大小和方向根据曝光发生的时间而变化，这种关系可以通过相位响应曲线（PRC）来描述。PRC的基本特征是在主观夜晚的第一部分期间响应于曝光而发生相位延迟（向较晚时间的偏移），并且在主观夜晚的第二部分期间响应于曝光而发生相位提前（向较早时间的偏移）。(In在持续黑暗的条件下，主观夜间是指白天动物的睡眠阶段和夜间动物的活动阶段。在主观的一天中，光照的影响相对较小。一般来说，半夜是相移幅度最大的时候，也是PRC中存在将延迟响应与提前响应分开的拐点的时候。在自然界中，只有月光照亮了半夜发生的PRC的高振幅部分。因此，通过在黎明和黄昏时暴露于阳光，每天分别导致相位提前和相位延迟，从而提供了24小时日的夹带。这些相移相互补偿，它们的净效应也必须补偿起搏器的固有（自由运行）周期。
Circadian (24-hr) rhythms are driven by an endogenous pacemaker. In constant conditions free of external time cues (Zeitgebers), the pacemaker and its driven rhythms “free run” at an intrinsic period close to, but not precisely, 24 hr (1). Twenty-four hour precision is accomplished mainly by entrainment, or synchronization, to the 24-hr light-dark cycle through daily phase shifts (a shift to either an earlier or a later time of the day) that result from exposure to light (2-4). These phase shifts vary in magnitude and direction according to when the light exposure occurs, a relationship that can be described by a phase response curve (PRC). The basic features of a PRC are that phase delays (shifts to a later time) occur in response to light exposure during the first part of the subjective night and that phase advances (shifts to an earlier time) occur in response to light exposure during the second part of the subjective night. (In constant dark conditions, subjective night refers to the sleep phase of diurnal animals and the activity phase of nocturnal animals.) During the subjective day, light exposure has relatively little effect. Generally, the middle of the night is when phase shifts are of the greatest magnitude and when there is an inflection point in the PRC that separates delay responses from advance responses. In nature, only moonlight illuminates the high-amplitude portions of the PRC that occur in the middle of the night. Entrainment to the 24-hr day is thus provided by exposure to sunlight at dawn and at dusk, resulting in a phase advance and a phase delay, respectively, each day. These phase shifts compensate for each other and their net effect must also compensate for the pacemaker's intrinsic (free-running) period.
抑郁症的临界区间假设。
影响因子：
2.8
作者：
Kripke,DF
通讯作者：
Kripke,DF
影响因子：
56.9
作者：
LEWY, AJ;SACK, RL;HOBAN, TM
通讯作者：
HOBAN, TM